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Đặt : t= tan\(\frac{x}{2}->dx=\frac{2dt}{1+t^2}\)
Khi đó \(I=\int\frac{4\frac{dt}{1+t^2}}{\frac{4t}{1+t^2}-\frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2}+1}=\int\frac{2dt}{t^2+2t}=\int\left(\frac{1}{t}-\frac{1}{t+2}\right)dt\)
\(ln\left|\frac{1}{t+2}\right|+C=ln\left|\frac{tan\frac{x}{2}}{tan\frac{x}{2}+2}\right|+C\)
a)\(\int \sin ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right)dx=\int \frac{1-\cos x }{2}dx=\frac{x}{2}-\frac{\sin x}{2}+c\)
b)\(\int \cos ^2 \left (\frac{x}{2}\right)dx=\int \frac{1+\cos x}{2}dx=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{\sin x}{2}+c\)
c) \(\int \frac{(2x+1)dx}{x^2+x+5}=\int \frac{d(x^2+x+5)}{x^2+x+5}=ln(x^2+x+5)+c\)
d)\(\int (2\tan x+ \cot x)^2dx=4\int \tan ^2 x+\int \cot^2 x+4\int dx=4\int \frac{1-\cos^2 x}{\cos^2 x}dx+\int \frac{1-\sin^2 x}{\sin^2 x}dx+4\int dx \)\( =4\int d(\tan x)-\int d(\cot x)-\int dx=4\tan x-\cot x-x+c\)
a)
Ta có:
∫π20cos2xsin2xdx=12∫π20cos2x(1−cos2x)dx=12∫π20[cos2x−1+cos4x2]dx=14∫π20(2cos2x−cos4x−1)dx=14[sin2x−sin4x4−x]π20=−14.π2=−π8∫0π2cos2xsin2xdx=12∫0π2cos2x(1−cos2x)dx=12∫0π2[cos2x−1+cos4x2]dx=14∫0π2(2cos2x−cos4x−1)dx=14[sin2x−sin4x4−x]0π2=−14.π2=−π8
b)
Ta có: Xét 2x – 2-x ≥ 0 ⇔ x ≥ 0.
Ta tách thành tổng của hai tích phân:
∫1−1|2x−2−x|dx=−∫0−1(2x−2−x)dx+∫10(2x−2−x)dx=−(2xln2+2−xln2)∣∣0−1+(2xln2+2−xln2)∣∣10=1ln2∫−11|2x−2−x|dx=−∫−10(2x−2−x)dx+∫01(2x−2−x)dx=−(2xln2+2−xln2)|−10+(2xln2+2−xln2)|01=1ln2
c)
∫21(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)x2dx=∫21x3+6x2+11x+6x2dx=∫21(x+6+11x+6x2)dx=[x22+6x+11ln|x|−6x]∣∣21=(2+12+11ln2−3)−(12+6−6)=212+11ln2∫12(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)x2dx=∫12x3+6x2+11x+6x2dx=∫12(x+6+11x+6x2)dx=[x22+6x+11ln|x|−6x]|12=(2+12+11ln2−3)−(12+6−6)=212+11ln2
d)
∫201x2−2x−3dx=∫201(x+1)(x−3)dx=14∫20(1x−3−1x+1)dx=14[ln|x−3|−ln|x+1|]∣∣20=14[1−ln2−ln3]=14(1−ln6)∫021x2−2x−3dx=∫021(x+1)(x−3)dx=14∫02(1x−3−1x+1)dx=14[ln|x−3|−ln|x+1|]|02=14[1−ln2−ln3]=14(1−ln6)
e)
∫π20(sinx+cosx)2dx=∫π20(1+sin2x)dx=[x−cos2x2]∣∣π20=π2+1∫0π2(sinx+cosx)2dx=∫0π2(1+sin2x)dx=[x−cos2x2]|0π2=π2+1
g)
I=∫π0(x+sinx)2dx∫π0(x2+2xsinx+sin2x)dx=[x33]∣∣π0+2∫π0xsinxdx+12∫π0(1−cos2x)dxI=∫0π(x+sinx)2dx∫0π(x2+2xsinx+sin2x)dx=[x33]|0π+2∫0πxsinxdx+12∫0π(1−cos2x)dx
Tính :J=∫π0xsinxdxJ=∫0πxsinxdx
Đặt u = x ⇒ u’ = 1 và v’ = sinx ⇒ v = -cos x
Suy ra:
J=[−xcosx]∣∣π0+∫π0cosxdx=π+[sinx]∣∣π0=πJ=[−xcosx]|0π+∫0πcosxdx=π+[sinx]|0π=π
Do đó:
I=π33+2π+12[x−sin2x2]∣∣π30=π33+2π+π2=2π3+15π6
a1sinx+b1cosx=A(a2sinx+b2cosx)+B(a2cosx-b2sinx) roi the vo ,do la dung dong nhat thuc
Thực hiện theo các bước sau :
Bước 1 : Biến đổi :
\(a_1\sin x+b_1\cos x=A\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+B\left(a_2\cos x-b_2\sin x\right)\)
Bước 2 : Khi đó :
\(I=\int\frac{A\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+B\left(a_2\cos x-b_2\sin x\right)}{\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)^2}dx=A\int\frac{dx}{a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x}+B\int\frac{\left(a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x\right)dx}{\left(a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{A}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}}\int\frac{dx}{\sin\left(x+\alpha\right)}-B\int\frac{1}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x}dx=\frac{A}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}}\ln\left|\tan\left(\frac{x+\alpha}{2}\right)\right|-\frac{B}{a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x}+C\)
Trong đó : \(\sin\alpha=\frac{b_2}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}_{ }};\cos\alpha=\frac{a_2}{\sqrt{a^2_2+b^2_2}}\)
Ta thực hiện theo các bước sau :
Bước 1 : Biến đổi
\(a_1\sin x+b_1\cos x+c_1=A\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2\right)+B\left(a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x\right)+C\)
Bước 2 : Khi đó :
\(I=\int\frac{A\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2\right)+B\left(a_2\cos x+b_2\sin x\right)+C}{_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2}\)
\(=A\int dx+B\int\frac{\left(a_2\cos_{ }x-b_2\sin x_{ }\right)dx}{_{ }a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2}+C\int\frac{dx}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2}\)
\(=Ax+B\ln\left|a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2\right|+C\int\frac{dx}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2}\)
Trong đó :
\(\int\frac{dx}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x+c_2}\)
Ta thực hiện theo các bước sau :
Bước 1 : Biến đổi
\(a_1\sin^2x+b_1\sin x\cos x+c_1\cos^2x=\left(A\sin x+B\cos x\right)\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+C\left(\sin^2x+\cos^2x\right)\)
Bước 2 : Khi đó :
\(I=\int\frac{\left(A\sin x+B\cos x\right)\left(a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x\right)+C\left(\sin^2x+\cos^2x\right)}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x}\)
\(=\int\left(A\sin x+B\cos x\right)+C\int\frac{dx}{a_2\sin x+b_2\cos x}\)
= \(-A\cos x+B\sin x+\sqrt{\frac{C}{a^2_a+b_2^2}}\int\frac{dx}{\sin\left(x+\alpha\right)}\)
=\(-A\cos x+B\sin x+\frac{C}{\sqrt{a_2^2+b^2_2}}\ln\left|\tan\frac{x+\alpha}{2}\right|+C\)
Trong đó :
\(\sin\alpha=\frac{b_2}{\sqrt{a_2^2}+b^{2_{ }}_2};\cos\alpha=\frac{a_2}{\sqrt{a_2^2}+b^{2_{ }}_2}\)
Ta có :
\(I=\int\frac{dx}{\left(3\tan^2x-2\tan x-1\right)\cos^2x}=\int\frac{d\left(\tan x\right)}{3\tan^2x-2\tan x-1}\)
Đặt \(t=\tan x\Rightarrow I=\int\frac{dt}{3t^2-2t-1}=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{1}{t+\frac{1}{3}}\int\left(\frac{1}{t-1}-\frac{1}{t+\frac{1}{3}}\right)dt\)
= \(\frac{1}{4}\ln\left|\frac{t-1}{t+\frac{1}{3}}\right|=\frac{1}{4}\ln\left|\frac{3t-3}{3t +3}\right|+C\)
Thay trả lại :
\(t=\tan x\Rightarrow I=\frac{1}{4}\ln\left|\frac{3\tan x-3}{3\tan x+1}\right|+C\)
Đặt \(t=\tan\frac{x}{2}\rightarrow dx=\frac{2dt}{1+t^2}\)
Khi đó : \(I=\int\frac{4\frac{dt}{1+t^2}}{\frac{4}{1+t^2}-\frac{1-t^2}{1+t^2}+1}=\int\frac{2dt}{1+2t^2}=\int\left(\frac{1}{t}-\frac{1}{t+2}\right)dt=\ln\left|\frac{1}{t+2}\right|+C=\ln\left|\frac{\tan\frac{x}{2}}{\tan\frac{x}{2}+2}\right|+C\)
tick nhé