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=(x2+2xy+y2)+(y2-4yz+4z2)+(y2-2y+1)+(z2-2z+1)-4x-2y-4z+5
=(x+y)2-4(x+y)+4 +(y-2z)2+2(y-2z)+1 +(y-1)2+(z-1)2
=(x+y-2)2+(y-2z+1)2+(y-1)2+(z-1)2\(\ge0\)\(\forall_{x,y,z}\)
Lai co (x+y-2)2+(y-2z+1)2+(y-1)2+(z-1)2\(\le\)0
=> (x+y-2)2+(y-2z+1)2+(y-1)2+(z-1)2=0
Dau = xay ra khi x=y=z=1
<=>(x2+y2+z2+2xy+2yz+2xz)+(x2+2x+1)+(y2+4y+4)=0
<=>(x+y+z)2+(x+1)2+(y+2)2=0
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0}\)
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=0\\x+1=0\\y+2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}z=3\\x=-1\\y=-2\end{cases}}}\)
a) x2+y2-4x+4y+8=0
⇔ (x-2)2+(y+2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)5x2-4xy+y2=0
⇔ x2+(2x-y)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)x2+2y2+z2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0
⇔ (x-y)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\\z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(5x^2-4xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\dfrac{4}{5}xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}y+\dfrac{4}{25}y^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{2}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
a)
$(x-z)^2+(y-z)^2+y^2+z^2=2xy-2yz+6z-9$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xz+z^2+(y-z)^2+y^2+z^2-2xy+2yz-6z+9=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x(z+y)+(z^2+y^2+2yz)+(y-z)^2+(z^2-6z+9)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x(y+z)+(y+z)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-3)^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-y-z)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-3)^2=0$
Vì $(x-y-z)^2\geq 0; (y-z)^2\geq 0; (z-3)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x,y,z\in\mathbb{R}$ nên để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì:
$(x-y-z)^2=(y-z)^2=(z-3)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow z=3; y=3; x=6$
b)
$x^2+3y^2+z^2+2xy-2yz-2x+4y+10=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x^2+2xy+y^2)+(y^2-2yz+z^2)+y^2-2x+4y+10=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^2+(y-z)^2+y^2-2(x+y)+6y+10=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^2-2(x+y)+1+(y-z)^2+(y^2+6y+9)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y-1)^2+(y-z)^2+(y+3)^2=0$ (lập luận tương tự phần a)
$\Leftrightarrow y=z=-3; x=4$
a) \(x^2+4y^2-6x-4y+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+\left(4y^2-4y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\2y-1=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
b) \(2x^2+y^2+2xy-10x+25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-10x+25\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-5\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-5=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=-5\\x=5\end{cases}}\)
c) \(x^2+2xy+4x-4y-2xy+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-4y+5=0\)
Xem lại đề câu c).
a) x2 + 4y2 - 6x - 4y + 10 = 0
<=> x2 - 6x + 9 + 4y2 - 4y + 1 = 0
<=> ( x - 3 )2 + ( 4y - 1 )2 = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\4y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
b) 2x2 + y2 + 2xy - 10x + 25 = 0
<=> x2 + 2xy + y2 + x2 - 10x + 25 = 0
<=> ( x + y )2 + ( x - 5 )2 = 0
<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-5=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x=5\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-5\\x=5\end{cases}}\)
c) Xem lại đề
x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2-2yz+z^2+y^2+4y+4+6-2x=0
(x+y)^2+(y-z)^2+(y+2)^2+2*(3-x)=0
y+2=0=>y=-2
y-z=0=>z=-2
x+y=0=>x=2
<=>(x2+2xy+y2)+(y2-2yz+z2)+(y2+6y+9)-(2x+2y)+1=0
<=>[(x+y)2-2(x+y)+1]+(y-z)2+(y+3)2=0
<=>(x+y-1)2+(y-z)2+(y+3)2=0
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\y-z=0\\y+3=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\y-z=0\\y=-3\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\z=-3\\y=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy x=4,y=z=-3
a, B=x2+4xy+y2+x2-8x+16+2012
B=(x+y) 2+(x-4)2+2012
Vậy B >=2012 ( Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=4,y=-4)
b làm tương tự
c, 9x2+6x+1+y2-4y+4+x2-4xz+4z2=0
(3x+1)2+(y-4)2+(x-2z)2=0
Vậy 3x+1=0 => x = -1/3
y-4=0 => y=4
x-2z=0 thế x=-1/3 ta được. -1/3-2z=0 => z = -1/6
Bạn nhớ ghi lại đề minh không ghi đề
a) \(B=2x^2+y^2+2xy-8x+2028\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-8x+4^2\right)+2012=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+2012\ge2012\)
\(MinB=2012\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=-4\end{cases}}\)
b)\(C=x^2+5y^2+4xy+2x+2y-7\)
\(=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x+4y\right)+1+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-9\)
\(=\left(\left(x+2y\right)^2+2\left(x+2y\right)+1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2-9=\left(x+2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-9\ge9\)
\(MinC=-9\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y+1=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
c)\(10x^2+y^2+4z^2+6x-4y-4xz+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+\left(x^2-4xz+4z^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+\left(x-2z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x+1=0\\y-2=0\\x-2z=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{3}\\y=2\\z=-\frac{1}{6}\end{cases}}\)