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Ta có:
x4+2x3+x2+x+1=(x2)2+2.x2.x+x2+x+1
=(x2+x)+(x+1)
=x2+2x+1
=(x+1)2
Bài 1 :
1) 4x2 - y2 = ( 2x + y ) ( 2x - y )
2) 9x2 - 4y2 = ( 3x - 2y ) ( 3x + 2y )
3) 4x2 + y2 + 4xy = ( 2x + y )2
Bài 2:
1) 2x2 + 8x = 0
=> 2x ( x + 4 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=0\\x+4=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
2) 3 ( x - 4 ) + x2 - 4x = 0
=> 3 ( x - 4 ) + x ( x - 4 ) = 0
=> ( x - 4 ) ( 3 + x ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-4=0\\3+x=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
3) 3 ( x - 2 ) = x2 - 2x
=> 3 ( x - 2 ) - x2 + 2x = 0
=> 3 ( x - 2 ) - x ( x - 2 ) = 0
=> ( x - 2 ) ( 3 - x ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\3-x=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=3\end{cases}}\)
4) x ( x - 2 ) - 6 ( 2 - x ) = 0
=> x ( x - 2 ) + 6 ( x - 2 ) = 0
=> ( x - 2 ) ( x + 6 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x+6=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\\x=-6\end{cases}}\)
5) 2x ( x + 5 ) = x2 + 5x
=> 2x ( x + 5 ) - x2 - 5x = 0
=> 2x ( x + 5 ) - x ( x + 5 ) = 0
=> ( x + 5 ) ( 2x - x ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+5=0\\2x-x=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-5\\x=0\end{cases}}\)
6 ) ( x - 2 )2 - x ( x + 3 ) = 9
=> x2 - 4x + 4 - x2 - 3x = 9
=> - 7x + 4 = 9
=> - 7x = 5
=> x = \(-\frac{5}{7}\)
\(1,4x^2-y^2=\left(2x\right)^2-y^2=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(2,9x^2-4y^2=\left(3x\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=\left(3x-2y\right)\left(3x+2y\right)\)
\(3,4x^2+y^2+4xy=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.y+y^2=\left(2x+y\right)^2\)
\(1,2x^2+8x=0\Rightarrow2x\left(x+4\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=0\\x+4=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)
\(2,3\left(x-4\right)+x^2-4x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-4\right)+x\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3+x\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3+x=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-3\\x=4\end{cases}}\)
\(3,3\left(x-2\right)=x^2-2x\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-x^2+2x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-2\right)-x\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3-x\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3-x=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
\(4,x\left(x-2\right)-6\left(2-x\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+6\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+6\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+6=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-6\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
a. (5x-1)2 - (5x-4) (5x-4) +7
= (5x-1)2 - (5x-4)2 + 7
=[(5x-1)+(5x-4)] [(5x-1)-(5x-4)] +7 ( đoạn này bỏ cx đc)
=(10x-5) .3+7
=30x-15+7
=30x-8
x2+5x-6=x2+6x-x-6=x(x+6)-(x+6)=(x-1)(x+6)
x3-x+3x2y+3xy2+y3-y=(x+y)3-(x+y)=(x+y)[(x+y)2-1]=(x+y)(x+y-1)(x+y+1)
a \(x^2+5x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+6x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
b \(x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-x-y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2\)
Ta có : (x2 - 1)3 - (x4 + x2 + 1)(x2 - 1) = 0
=> (x2 - 1)[(x2 - 1)2 - (x4 + x2 + 1)] = 0
<=> (x2 - 1)(x4 - 2x2 + 1 - x4 - x2 - 1) = 0
<=> (x2 - 1)(-3x2) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-1=0\\-3x^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2=1\\x^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1;1\\x=0\end{cases}}\)
pt đã cho \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^4-2x^2+1-x^4-x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(-3x^2\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=+-1\\x=0\end{cases}}\)
Kl: x= +-1 ; x=0