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1a) ta có \(A=3\left(x^2-x+\frac{5}{3}\right)=3\left(x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{17}{12}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{17}{4}\)
đến đây thì tự đánh giá nhé
các câu kia tương tự nhé, riêng câu 1b thì tách ra và rút gọn rồi làm tương tự
tìm gí trị nhỏ nhất
Ta có \(A=x^2+x+1=x^2+2.\frac{1}{2}.x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu"=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của A là \(\frac{3}{4}\) tại \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(B=4x^2-3x+2=4x^2-2.2x.\frac{3}{4}+\frac{9}{16}+\frac{23}{16}=\left(2x-\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\frac{23}{16}\)
Vì \(\left(2x-\frac{3}{4}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(2x-\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\frac{23}{16}\ge\frac{23}{16}\Rightarrow B\ge\frac{23}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(2x-\frac{3}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow2x-\frac{3}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow2x=\frac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{8}\)
Vậy giá trị nhhor nhất của B là \(\frac{23}{16}\)tại \(x=\frac{3}{8}\)
Ta có \(C=3x^2+x-1=3\left(x^2+\frac{1}{3}x-\frac{1}{3}\right)=3\left(x^2+2.\frac{1}{6}x+\frac{1}{36}-\frac{13}{36}\right)=3\left(x+\frac{1}{6}\right)^2-\frac{13}{12}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+\frac{1}{6}\right)^2-\frac{13}{12}\ge-\frac{13}{12}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x+\frac{1}{6}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{6}\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của C là \(-\frac{13}{12}\)tại \(x=-\frac{1}{6}\)
tìm giá trị lớn nhất
Ta có \(A=x+1-x^2=-\left(x^2-x-1\right)=-\left(x^2-2.\frac{1}{2}x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\right)=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\le\frac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của A là \(\frac{5}{4}\)tại \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1.
a) x( 8x - 2 ) - 8x2 + 12 = 0
<=> 8x2 - 2x - 8x2 + 12 = 0
<=> 12 - 2x = 0
<=> 2x = 12
<=> x = 6
b) x( 4x - 5 ) - ( 2x + 1 )2 = 0
<=> 4x2 - 5x - ( 4x2 + 4x + 1 ) = 0
<=> 4x2 - 5x - 4x2 - 4x - 1 = 0
<=> -9x - 1 = 0
<=> -9x = 1
<=> x = -1/9
c) ( 5 - 2x )( 2x + 7 ) = ( 2x - 5 )( 2x + 5 )
<=> -4x2 - 4x + 35 = 4x2 - 25
<=> -4x2 - 4x + 35 - 4x2 + 25 = 0
<=> -8x2 - 4x + 60 = 0
<=> -8x2 + 20x - 24x + 60 = 0
<=> -4x( 2x - 5 ) - 12( 2x - 5 ) = 0
<=> ( 2x - 5 )( -4x - 12 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-5=0\\-4x-12=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{2}\\x=-3\end{cases}}\)
d) 64x2 - 49 = 0
<=> ( 8x )2 - 72 = 0
<=> ( 8x - 7 )( 8x + 7 ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}8x-7=0\\8x+7=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{7}{8}\\x=-\frac{7}{8}\end{cases}}\)
e) ( x2 + 6x + 9 )( x2 + 8x + 7 ) = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2( x2 + x + 7x + 7 ) = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2 [ x( x + 1 ) + 7( x + 1 ) ] = 0
<=> ( x + 3 )2( x + 1 )( x + 7 ) = 0
<=> x = -3 hoặc x = -1 hoặc x = -7
g) ( x2 + 1 )( x2 - 8x + 7 ) = 0
Vì x2 + 1 ≥ 1 > 0 với mọi x
=> x2 - 8x + 7 = 0
=> x2 - x - 7x + 7 = 0
=> x( x - 1 ) - 7( x - 1 ) = 0
=> ( x - 1 )( x - 7 ) = 0
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-7=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=7\end{cases}}\)
Bài 2.
a) ( x - 1 )2 - ( x - 2 )( x + 2 )
= x2 - 2x + 1 - ( x2 - 4 )
= x2 - 2x + 1 - x2 + 4
= -2x + 5
b) ( 3x + 5 )2 + ( 26x + 10 )( 2 - 3x ) + ( 2 - 3x )2
= 9x2 + 30x + 25 - 78x2 + 22x + 20 + 9x2 - 12x + 4
= ( 9x2 - 78x2 + 9x2 ) + ( 30x + 22x - 12x ) + ( 25 + 20 + 4 )
= -60x2 + 40x2 + 49
d) ( x + y )2 - ( x + y - 2 )2
= [ x + y - ( x + y - 2 ) ][ x + y + ( x + y - 2 ) ]
= ( x + y - x - y + 2 )( x + y + x + y - 2 )
= 2( 2x + 2y - 2 )
= 4x + 4y - 4
Bài 3.
A = 3x2 + 18x + 33
= 3( x2 + 6x + 9 ) + 6
= 3( x + 3 )2 + 6 ≥ 6 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 3 = 0 => x = -3
=> MinA = 6 <=> x = -3
B = x2 - 6x + 10 + y2
= ( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + y2 + 1
= ( x - 3 )2 + y2 + 1 ≥ 1 ∀ x,y
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\y^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
=> MinB = 1 <=> x = 3 ; y = 0
C = ( 2x - 1 )2 + ( x + 2 )2
= 4x2 - 4x + 1 + x2 + 4x + 4
= 5x2 + 5 ≥ 5 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> 5x2 = 0 => x = 0
=> MinC = 5 <=> x = 0
D = -2/7x2 - 8x + 7 ( sửa thành tìm Max )
Để D đạt GTLN => 7x2 - 8x + 7 đạt GTNN
7x2 - 8x + 7
= 7( x2 - 8/7x + 16/49 ) + 33/7
= 7( x - 4/7 )2 + 33/7 ≥ 33/7 ∀ x
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 4/7 = 0 => x = 4/7
=> MaxC = \(\frac{-2}{\frac{33}{7}}=-\frac{14}{33}\)<=> x = 4/7
2)
a) \(3x^3-3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=0\\x-1=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x=0 ; x=-1 ; x=1
b) \(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
1)
a) \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x+4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+4x-2x^2-6x-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+x^2-2x-8\)
b) \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x-x^2+4\right)\)
\(=x^2-x^3+4x-2x+2x^2-8\)
\(=3x^2-x^3+2x-8\)
c) \(\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+2x\right)\)
\(=x^4+2x^3-x^2-2x\)
d) \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^2+4x-3x-2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=18x^2+12x-9x-6-6x^3-4x^2+3x^2+2x\)
\(=17x^2+5x-6-6x^3\)
Tìm GTNN
a/ \(A=4x^2+7x+13=\left(4x^2+7x+\frac{49}{16}\right)+\frac{159}{16}=\left(2x+\frac{7}{4}\right)^2+\frac{159}{16}\ge\frac{159}{16}\)
b/ \(B=5-8x+x^2=\left(x^2-8x+16\right)-11=\left(x-4\right)^2-11\ge-11\)
c/ \(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
Bài 2: a) \(3x^3-3x=0\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x^2-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=\pm1\end{cases}}\)
b) \(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Answer:
a) \(\frac{5x}{2x+2}+1=\frac{6}{x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5x}{2\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{12}{2\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow5x+2x+2-12=0\)
\(\Rightarrow7x-10=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{10}{7}\)
b) \(\frac{x^2-6}{x}=x+\frac{3}{2}\left(ĐK:x\ne0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-6=x^2+\frac{3}{2}x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{2}x=-6\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-4\)
c) \(\frac{3x-2}{4}\ge\frac{3x+3}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(3x-2\right)-2\left(3x+3\right)}{12}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow9x-6-6x-6\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-12\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge4\)
d) \(\left(x+1\right)^2< \left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2x+1< x^2-2x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow4x< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x< 0\)
e) \(\frac{2x-3}{35}+\frac{x\left(x-2\right)}{7}\le\frac{x^2}{7}-\frac{2x-3}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x-3+5\left(x^2-2x\right)}{35}\le\frac{5x^2-7\left(2x-3\right)}{35}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-3+5x^2-10x\le5x^2-14x+21\)
\(\Rightarrow6x\le24\)
\(\Rightarrow x\le4\)
f) \(\frac{3x-2}{4}\le\frac{3x+3}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(3x-2\right)-2\left(3x+3\right)}{12}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow9x-6-6x-6\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow3x\le12\)
\(\Rightarrow x\le4\)
Ta có : \(A=1-x^2+x\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x^2-x-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
Vì \(-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
Nên : \(A=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\le\frac{5}{4}\forall x\)
Vậy Amax = \(\frac{5}{4}\) khi \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có : \(B=5x-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-5x\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-5x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{25}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-5x+\frac{25}{4}\right)+\frac{25}{4}\)
B\(=-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{25}{4}\)
Vì \(-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\) \(\text{≤ }0∀x \)
Nên : B \(=-\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{25}{4}\) \(\text{≤ }\frac{25}{4}∀x\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=\frac{25}{4}\) khi \(x=\frac{5}{2}\)