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Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{d}>\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1>\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\).
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2010}{2011}+\frac{2011}{2012}+\frac{2012}{2013}>\frac{2010+2011+2012}{2010+2011+2012}>\frac{2010+2011+2012}{2011+2012+2013}\)mà 2010 + 2011 + 2012 < 2011+2012+2013 ,suy ra \(\frac{2010+2011+2012}{2011+2012+2013}< 1\))
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2010}{2011}+\frac{2011}{2012}+\frac{2012}{2013}>\frac{2010+2011+2012}{2011+2012+2013}\)hay P > Q
Vậy P > Q
b) Áp dụng công thức BCNN (a, b) . UCLN (a,b) = a.b
\(\Rightarrow a.b=420.21=8820\)
Ta có:
\(ab=8820\)
\(a+21=b\Rightarrow b-a=21\)
Hai số cách nhau 21 mà có tích là 8820 là 84 , 105
Mà a + 21 = b suy ra a < b
Vậy a = 84 ; b = 105
a,-Cách khác:
-Ta có: \(\frac{2010+2011+2012}{2011+2012+2013}=\frac{2010}{2011+2012+2013}+\frac{2011}{2011+2012+2013}+\frac{2012}{2011+2012+2013}\)
-Mà: \(\frac{2010}{2011}>\frac{2010}{2011+2012+2013}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{2011}{2012}>\frac{2011}{2011+2012+2013}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{2012}{2013}>\frac{2012}{2011+2012+2013}\left(3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P>Q\)
Xét VT = 1/ab + 1/(a² + b²) = 1/2ab + 1/(a² + b²) + 1/2ab
Áp dụng bđt: 1/x + 1/y ≥ 4/(x + y) với x, y >0 và với a + b = 1
ta có: 1/2ab + 1/(a² + b²) ≥ 4/(2ab + a² + b²) = 4/(a + b)² = 4
Áp dụng bđt 4xy ≤ (x + y)²
ta có: 1/2ab = 2/4ab ≥ 2/(a + b)² = 2 => VT ≥ 4 + 2 = 6
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b và a + b = 1 nên a = b = ½
Bài giải
Theo bài ra :
\(A=\frac{2009}{2010}+\frac{2010}{2011}+\frac{2011}{2012}\)
\(B=\frac{2009+2010+2011}{2010+2011+2012}=\frac{2009}{2010+2011+2012}+\frac{2010}{2010+2011+2012}+\frac{2011}{2010+2011+2012}\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{2009}{2010}>\frac{2009}{2010+2011+2012}\)
\(\frac{2010}{2011}>\frac{2010}{2010+2011+2012}\)
\(\frac{2011}{2012}>\frac{2011}{2010+2011+2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ }\frac{2009}{2010}+\frac{2010}{2011}+\frac{2011}{2012}>\frac{2009}{2010+2011+2012}+\frac{2010}{2010+2011+2012}+\frac{2011}{2010+2011+2012}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{ }A>B\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{2009.\left(\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2011}+\dfrac{1}{2010}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2010.\left(\dfrac{1}{2010}+\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2011}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2011.\left(\dfrac{1}{2011}+\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2010}\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{1}{2009}:\left(\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2010}+\dfrac{1}{2011}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2010}:\left(\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2010}+\dfrac{1}{2011}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2011}:\left(\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2010}+\dfrac{1}{2011}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2010}+\dfrac{1}{2011}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2010}+\dfrac{1}{2011}\right)=1\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1+\frac{2010}{2011}+\frac{2010}{2012}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2011}{2010}+\frac{2011}{2012}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2012}{2011}+\frac{2012}{2010}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2010\left(\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2012}\right)}+\frac{1}{2011\left(\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2012}\right)}+\frac{1}{2012\left(\frac{1}{2012}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2010}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{1}{2010}}{\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2012}}+\frac{\frac{1}{2011}}{\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2012}}+\frac{\frac{1}{2012}}{\frac{1}{2012}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2010}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2012}}{\frac{1}{2010}+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{1}{2012}}=1\)
Mà \(\frac{2016}{2017}< 1\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{1+\frac{2010}{2011}+\frac{2010}{2012}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2011}{2010}+\frac{2011}{2012}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2012}{2010}+\frac{2012}{2011}}>\frac{2016}{2017}\)
dấu cần điền là : >
Vì kết quả của phép tính vế thứ 1 là 1
và phân số 2016/2017 bé hơn 1 nên ta điền dấu lớn
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{2010}{2011}+\dfrac{2011}{2012}\)
\(B=\dfrac{2010+2011}{2011+2012}\)
\(=\dfrac{2010}{2011+2012}+\dfrac{2011}{2011+2012}\)
Áp dụng tính chất \(\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a}{b+m}\) ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2010}{2011}>\dfrac{2010}{2011+2012}\\\dfrac{2011}{2012}>\dfrac{2011}{2011+2012}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2010}{2011}+\dfrac{2011}{2012}>\dfrac{2010}{2011+2012}+\dfrac{2011}{2011+2012}\)
Hay \(\dfrac{2010}{2011}+\dfrac{2011}{2012}>\dfrac{2010+2011}{2011+2012}\)
Vậy \(A>B\)
B=2010/2011+2012+2011//2011+2012
=2010/2011+2012<2010/2011;2011/2011+2012<2011/2012
suy ra : A>B