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Câu 4.
\(\lim \left( {{n^2}\sin \dfrac{{n\pi }}{5} - 2{n^3}} \right) = \lim {n^3}\left( {\dfrac{{\sin \dfrac{{n\pi }}{5}}}{n} - 2} \right) = - \infty \)
Vì \(\lim {n^3} = + \infty ;\lim \left( {\dfrac{{\sin \dfrac{{n\pi }}{5}}}{n} - 2} \right) = - 2 \)
\(\left| {\dfrac{{\sin \dfrac{{n\pi }}{5}}}{n}} \right| \le \dfrac{1}{n};\lim \dfrac{1}{n} = 0 \Rightarrow \lim \left( {\dfrac{{\sin \dfrac{{n\pi }}{5}}}{n} - 2} \right) = - 2\)
Câu 5.
Ta có: \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l} 0 \le \left| {{u_n}} \right| \le \dfrac{1}{{{n^2} + 1}} \le \dfrac{1}{n} \to 0\\ 0 \le \left| {{v_n}} \right| \le \dfrac{1}{{{n^2} + 2}} \le \dfrac{1}{n} \to 0 \end{array} \right. \to \lim {u_n} = \lim {v_n} = 0 \to \lim \left( {{u_n} + {v_n}} \right) = 0\)
Câu 2:
\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{n(n+1)}=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+...+\frac{(n+1)-n}{n(n+1)}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow \lim_{n\to \infty}(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{n(n+1)})=\lim_{n\to \infty}(1-\frac{1}{n+1})=1-\lim_{n\to \infty}\frac{1}{n+1}=1-0=1\)
Câu 1.
\(y = \dfrac{{n + \sin 2n}}{{n + 5}} = \dfrac{{\dfrac{n}{n} + \dfrac{{\sin 2n}}{n}}}{{\dfrac{n}{n} + \dfrac{5}{n}}} = \dfrac{{1 + \dfrac{{2.\sin 2n}}{{2n}}}}{{1 + \dfrac{5}{n}}}\\ \Rightarrow \lim y = \dfrac{{1 + 0}}{{1 + 0}} = 1 \)
Câu 2.
\(\lim \dfrac{{3\sin n + 4\cos n}}{{n + 1}}\)
Vì \( - 1 \le \sin n \le 1; - 1 \le \cos n \le 1 \Rightarrow \) khi \(x \to \infty \) thì \(3\sin n + 4{\mathop{\rm cosn}\nolimits} = const \)
\(\Rightarrow T = \lim \dfrac{{3\sin n + 4\cos n}}{{n + 1}} = 0 \)
Chú thích: $const$ là kí hiệu hằng số, giống như dạng giới hạn L/vô cùng.
a/ \(=lim\frac{3\left(\frac{2}{7}\right)^n-8}{4.\left(\frac{3}{7}\right)^n+5}=-\frac{8}{5}\)
b/ \(=lim\frac{6.4^n-\frac{2}{9}.6^n}{\frac{1}{2}.6^n+4.3^n}=lim\frac{6\left(\frac{4}{6}\right)^n-\frac{2}{9}}{\frac{1}{2}+4.\left(\frac{3}{6}\right)^n}=\frac{-\frac{2}{9}}{\frac{1}{2}}=-\frac{4}{9}\)
c/ \(=lim\frac{\left(-\frac{3}{5}\right)^n+2}{\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^n-1}=\frac{2}{-1}=-2\)
d/ \(=lim\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2+n+1\right)}=lim\frac{1+\frac{1}{n}}{2+\frac{2}{n}+\frac{2}{n^2}}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Xét khai triển:
\(\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0+xC_n^1+x^2C_n^2+...+x^nC_n^n\)
Đạo hàm 2 vế:
\(n\left(1+x\right)^{n-1}=C_n^1+2xC_n^2+...+n.x^{n-1}C_n^n\)
Thay \(x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow n.2^{n-1}=C_n^1+2C_n^2+...+nC_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow n.2^{n-1}+1=C_n^0+C_n^1+2C_n^2+...+nC_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow S=n.2^{n-1}+1\)
a/ \(=lim\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\infty}=0\)
b/ \(=lim\frac{6n+1}{\sqrt{n^2+5n+1}+\sqrt{n^2-n}}=\frac{6+\frac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\frac{5}{n}+\frac{1}{n^2}}+\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{n}}}=\frac{6}{1+1}=3\)
c/ \(=lim\frac{6n-9}{\sqrt{3n^2+2n-1}+\sqrt{3n^2-4n+8}}=lim\frac{6-\frac{9}{n}}{\sqrt{3+\frac{2}{n}-\frac{1}{n^2}}+\sqrt{3-\frac{4}{n}+\frac{8}{n^2}}}=\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3}\)
d/ \(=lim\frac{\left(\frac{2}{6}\right)^n+1-4\left(\frac{4}{6}\right)^n}{\left(\frac{3}{6}\right)^n+6}=\frac{1}{6}\)
e/ \(=lim\frac{\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^n-\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^n+1}{\left(\frac{3}{5}\right)^n+\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)^n-1}=\frac{1}{-1}=-1\)
f/ Ta có công thức:
\(1+3+...+\left(2n+1\right)^2=\left(n+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\frac{1+3+...+2n+1}{3n^2+4}=lim\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{3n^2+4}=lim\frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)^2}{3+\frac{4}{n^2}}=\frac{1}{3}\)
g/ \(=lim\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=lim\left(1-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)=1-0=1\)
h/ Ta có: \(1^2+2^2+...+n^2=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=lim\frac{2n+1}{6n+12}=lim\frac{2+\frac{1}{n}}{6+\frac{12}{n}}=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3}\)
