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Bài 1: Tính
a) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot2+2^2\)
\(=3+4\sqrt{3}+4\)
\(=7+4\sqrt{3}\)
b) Ta có: \(-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2\)
\(=-\left[\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot1+1^2\right]\)
\(=-\left(2-2\sqrt{2}+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}-3\)
Bài 2: Tính
a) Ta có: \(0.5\cdot\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{\frac{25}{4}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot10-\frac{5}{2}\)
\(=5-\frac{5}{2}\)
\(=\frac{5}{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{1\frac{9}{16}}-\sqrt{\frac{9}{16}}\right):5\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{\frac{25}{16}}-\frac{3}{4}\right)\cdot\frac{1}{5}\)
\(=\left(\frac{5}{4}-\frac{3}{4}\right)\cdot\frac{1}{5}\)
\(=\frac{2}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{5}\)
\(=\frac{1}{10}\)
Bài 3: So sánh
a) Ta có: \(3\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot2}=\sqrt{18}\)
\(2\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{2^2\cdot3}=\sqrt{12}\)
mà \(\sqrt{18}>\sqrt{12}\)(Vì 18>12)
nên \(3\sqrt{2}>2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}>\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(15-2\sqrt{10}\right)^2\)
\(=225-2\cdot15\cdot2\sqrt{10}+\left(2\sqrt{10}\right)^2\)
\(=225-60\sqrt{10}+40\)
\(=265-60\sqrt{10}\)
\(=135+130-60\sqrt{10}\)
Ta có: \(\left(3\sqrt{15}\right)^2=3^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{15}\right)^2=9\cdot15=135\)
Ta có: \(130-60\sqrt{10}\)
\(=\sqrt{16900}-\sqrt{36000}< 0\)(Vì 16900<36000)
\(\Leftrightarrow130-60\sqrt{10}+135< 135\)(cộng hai vế của BĐT cho 135)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(15-2\sqrt{10}\right)^2< \left(3\sqrt{15}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15-2\sqrt{10}< 3\sqrt{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{15-2\sqrt{10}}{3}< \frac{3\sqrt{15}}{3}=\sqrt{15}\)
hay \(\frac{15-2\sqrt{10}}{3}< \sqrt{15}\)
Bài 2 xét x=0 => A =0
xét x>0 thì \(A=\frac{1}{x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}}\)
để A nguyên thì \(x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\inƯ\left(1\right)\)
=>cho \(x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\)bằng 1 và -1 rồi giải ra =>x=?
1,Ta có \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=a+b+c+2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ac}\)
=> \(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=2\)
\(a+2=a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(b+2=\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(c+2=\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a+2}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{b+2}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{c+2}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)}+...\)
=> \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a+2}+...=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}\)
=> M=0
Vậy M=0
a, Điều kiện x ∉ {\(\frac{5}{3};\frac{1}{7}\)}
\(\sqrt{3x-5}=\sqrt{7x-1}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{3x-5}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{7x-1}\right)^2\)
\(\left|3x-5\right|=\left|7x-1\right|\)
\(3x-5=7x-1\)
\(-4x=4\) => x = -1
a) \(A=\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sqrt{2}A=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)=\sqrt{5}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
b) tương tự câu a
c) \(\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5-\sqrt{13+4\sqrt{3}}}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-4\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{12}+1\right)^2}}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{12}-1\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5-\left(\sqrt{12}+1\right)}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5+\left(\sqrt{12}-1\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}-\sqrt{6-2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)=2\)
a) \(2\sqrt{2x}-5\sqrt{8x}+7\sqrt{18x}=28\) (*)
đk: x >/ 0
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x}-10\sqrt{2x}+21\sqrt{2x}=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13\sqrt{2x}=28\) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}=\dfrac{28}{13}\Leftrightarrow2x=\left(\dfrac{28}{13}\right)^2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{392}{169}\left(N\right)\)
Kl: \(x=\dfrac{392}{169}\)
b) \(\sqrt{4x-20}+\sqrt{x-5}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{9x-45}=4\) (*)
đk: x >/ 5
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x-5}-\sqrt{x-5}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=2\Leftrightarrow x-5=4\Leftrightarrow x=9\left(N\right)\)
Kl: x=9
c) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{3x-2}{x+1}}=2\) (*)
Đk: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x-2}{x+1}=4\Leftrightarrow3x-2=4x+4\Leftrightarrow x=-6\left(N\right)\)
Kl: x=-6
d) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{5x-4}}{\sqrt{x+2}}=2\) (*)
Đk: \(x\ge\dfrac{4}{5}\)
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x-4}=2\sqrt{x+2}\Leftrightarrow5x-4=4x+8\Leftrightarrow x=12\left(N\right)\)
Kl: x=12
\(a.\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5-2.\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{3}+3}-\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(b.\sqrt{4+\sqrt{15}}+\sqrt{7-\sqrt{45}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{3}+3}+\sqrt{9-2.3\sqrt{5}+5}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}+3-\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(c.\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5-\sqrt{13+4\sqrt{3}}}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-4\sqrt{3}}}}=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}}=\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}=\sqrt{3}+1-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)=2\)
1: \(\left(2\sqrt{5}-5\right)^2=45-20\sqrt{5}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2=14-6\sqrt{5}\)
mà \(45-20\sqrt{5}< 14-6\sqrt{5}\)
nên \(2\sqrt{5}-5< \sqrt{5}-3\)
3: \(\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2=7+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)^2=7+2\sqrt{10}\)
mà 4 căn 3>2 căn 10
nên \(2+\sqrt{3}>\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)