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a/ Ta có
\(K^4+\frac{1}{4}=K^4+K^2+\frac{1}{4}-K^2=\left(K^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-K^2=\left(K^2+K+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(K^2-K+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
Ta lại có
\(K^2+K+\frac{1}{2}=\left(K+1\right)^2-\left(K+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow K^4+\frac{1}{4}=\left(K^2-K+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\left(K+1\right)^2-\left(K+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta được
\(=\frac{101^2-101+0,5}{1^2-1+0,5}=20201\)\(1S=\frac{\left(2^2-2+0,5\right)\left(3^2-3+0,5\right)\left(4^2-4+0,5\right)\left(5^2-5+0,5\right)...\left(100^2-100+0,5\right)\left(101^2-101+0,5\right)}{\left(1^2-1+0,5\right)\left(2^2-2+0,5\right)\left(3^2-3+0,5\right)\left(4^2-4+0,5\right)...\left(99^2-99+0,5\right)\left(100^2-100+0,5\right)}\)
b/
\(\frac{3\left(x+y\right)}{3\sqrt{x\left(4x+5y\right)}+3\sqrt{y\left(4y+5x\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{3\left(x+y\right)}{\frac{9x+4x+5y}{2}+\frac{9y+4y+5x}{2}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y
Ta có: \(16a^4+4=16a^4+2.4a^2.2+4-16a^2\)
\(=\left(4a+2\right)^2-16a^2\)
\(=\left(4a+2\right)^2-16a^2\)
\(=\left(4a^2-4a+2\right).\left(4a^2+4a+2\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(2a-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\right]\) ( a \(\in\) N* )
Do đó: \(16a^4+4=\left[\left(2a-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2a+1\right)^2+1\right]\) ( * )
Thay a lần lượt bằng 1, 2, 3, ..., 2014, ta có:
\(16.1^4+4=\left[\left(2.1-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2.1+1\right)^2+1\right]=\left(1^2+1\right).\left(3^2+1\right)\)
\(16.2^4+4=\left[\left(2.2-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2.2+1\right)^2+1\right]=\left(3^2+1\right).\left(5^2+1\right)\)
\(16.3^4+4=\left[\left(2.3-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2.3+1\right)^2+1\right]=\left(5^2+1\right).\left(7^2+1\right)\)
\(16.4^4+4=\left[\left(2.4-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2.4+1\right)^2+1\right]=\left(7^2+1\right).\left(9^2+1\right)\)
\(......\)
\(16.2005^4+4=\left[\left(2.2005-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2.2005+1\right)^2+1\right]=\left(4009^2+1\right).\left(4011^2+1\right)\)
\(16.2006^4+4=\left[\left(2.2006-1\right)^2+1\right].\left[\left(2.2006+1\right)^2+1\right]=\left(4011^2+1\right).\left(4013^2+1\right)\)
Đặt \(T=\dfrac{\left(1^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right).\left(3^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)...\left(2005^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)}{\left(2^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right).\left(4^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)...\left(2006^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=\dfrac{16.\left(1^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right).16\left(3^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)...16\left(2005^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)}{16.\left(2^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right).16\left(4^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)...16\left(2006^4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=\dfrac{\left(16.1^4+4\right).\left(16.3^4+4\right)...\left(16.2005^4+4\right)}{\left(16.2^4+4\right).\left(16.4^4+4\right)...\left(16.2006^4+4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=\dfrac{\left(1^2+1\right).\left(3^2+1\right).\left(5^2+1\right)...\left(4009^2+1\right).\left(4011^2+1\right)}{\left(3^2+1\right).\left(5^2+1\right).\left(7^2+1\right)...\left(4011^2+1\right).\left(4013^2+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=\dfrac{1^2+1}{4013^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=\dfrac{2}{4013^2+1}\)
Xét số hạng tổng quát:
\(k^4+\frac{1}{4}=\left(k^4+2\cdot\frac{1}{2}\cdot k^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)-k^2\)
= \(\left(k^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-k^2\)= \(\left(k^2-k+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(k^2+k+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
Thay k từ 1 đến 2014 , ta được
M=
\(\frac{\left(2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(6+\frac{1.}{2}\right)...\left(4054182+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(4058210+\frac{1}{2}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(2+\frac{1}{2}\right)...\left(4050156+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(4054182+\frac{1}{2}\right)}\)=\(\frac{4058210+\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}}=8116421\)
\(BT=\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2c-b^2a+c^2a-c^2b}{a^4\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^4c^2-b^4a^2+c^4a^2-c^4b^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)-a\left(b^2-c^2\right)}{a^4\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^2c^2\left(b^2-c^2\right)-\left(b^4-c^4\right)a^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(a^2+bc-a\left(b+c\right)\right)}{\left(b^2-c^2\right)\left(a^4+b^2c^2-a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2-c^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{a^4\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^4\left(c^2-a^2\right)+c^4\left(a^2-b^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2c-c^2b-a\left(b^2-c^2\right)}{a^4\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b^4c^2-c^4b^2-a^2\left(a^4-b^4\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(b^2-c^2\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)}\)
= \(\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)