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Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{x+2}=a;\sqrt[3]{3x+2}=2\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=2\\3a^3-b^3=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b+2\left(1\right)\\3a^3-b^3=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay (1) vào (2) ta có:
3(b + 2)3 - b3 = 4
<=> 3(b3 + 6b2 + 12b + 8) - b3 = 4
<=> 2b3 + 6b2 + 12b + 4 = 0
<=> b3 + 3b2 + 6b + 2 = 0
Đến đây chắc phải dùng công thức nghiệm tổng quát, vô lý @@
ban giai sai roi, bài này ra no là (\(-46-18\sqrt{6}\);\(-46+18\sqrt{6}\);-1)
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)-7\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+\frac{1}{4x}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{4x}=a^2-1\)
Pt trở thành:
\(3a=2\left(a^2-1\right)-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2-3a-9=9\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-6\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{3+\sqrt{7}}{2}\Rightarrow x=\frac{8+3\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
b/ ĐKXĐ:
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a>0\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{4x}=a^2-1\)
\(\Rightarrow5a=2\left(a^2-1\right)+4\Leftrightarrow2a^2-5a+2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=2\\\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-4\sqrt{x}+1=0\\2x-\sqrt{x}+1=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}-2\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-8x+5\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1-\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}}+\frac{x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{15}{6}\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-4x+1}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\frac{17}{4}x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-17x+4=0\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-5x-6\right)+\sqrt{x^2-5x-6}-3=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-5x-6}=a\ge0\)
\(2a^2+a-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-5x-6}=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x-7=0\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow5\sqrt{3x^2-4x-2}-2\left(3x^2-4x-2\right)+3=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{3x^2-4x-2}=a\ge0\)
\(-2a^2+5a+3=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{1}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x^2-4x-2}=3\Leftrightarrow3x^2-4x-11=0\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-6+\sqrt{2x^2+4x+3}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x^2+4x+3}=a>0\Rightarrow x^2+2x=\frac{a^2-3}{2}\)
\(\frac{a^2-3}{2}-6+a=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-15=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+4x+3}=3\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x-6=0\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\sqrt{\frac{3x-1}{x}}=a>0\)
\(2a=\frac{1}{a^2}+1\Leftrightarrow2a^3-a^2-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(2a^2+a+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{3x-1}{x}}=1\Leftrightarrow3x-1=x\)
e/ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{\frac{6x-1}{x}}=\frac{x}{6x-1}+1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{\frac{6x-1}{x}}=a>0\)
\(2a=\frac{1}{a^2}+1\Leftrightarrow2a^3-a^2-1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(2a^2+a+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{6x-1}{x}}=1\Rightarrow6x-1=x\)
f/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\sqrt{\frac{x}{2x-1}}=a>0\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+1+a=3a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3-a^2-a-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(3a^2+2a+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{x}{2x-1}}=1\Rightarrow x=2x-1\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{1-x}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{1+x}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) được hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{1+ab}\left(a^3-b^3\right)=2+ab\\a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{1+ab}\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)=a^2+b^2+ab\\a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{1+ab}\left(a-b\right)=1\\a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(a\ge b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(1+ab\right)\left(a-b\right)^2=1\\a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(1+ab\right)\left(2-2ab\right)=1\\a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-a^2b^2=\frac{1}{2}\\a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b^2=\frac{1}{2}\\a^2+b^2=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Viet đảo, \(a^2;b^2\) là nghiệm của:
\(t^2-2t+\frac{1}{2}=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}\\t=\frac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-x=\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}\\1-x=\frac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\x=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2 phần còn lại ko biết giải theo kiểu lớp 10, chỉ biết lượng giác hóa, bạn tham khảo thôi :(
b/ Đặt \(x=cos2t\) pt trở thành:
\(\sqrt{1-cos2t}-2cos2t.\sqrt{1-cos^22t}-\left(2cos^22t-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sint-2sin2t.cos2t-cos4t=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sint-sin4t-cos4t=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sint=sin4t+cos4t=\sqrt{2}sin\left(4t+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(4t+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=sint\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4t+\frac{\pi}{4}=t+k2\pi\\4t+\frac{\pi}{4}=\pi-t+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-\frac{\pi}{12}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\\t=-\frac{\pi}{20}+\frac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=cos\left(-\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{k4\pi}{3}\right)\\x=cos\left(-\frac{\pi}{10}+\frac{k4\pi}{5}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(k\in Z\)
Đệ biết là có người làm câu c,d nên xin xí câu e :3
ĐK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\x\ne2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow5+\sqrt{x+1}=7\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=7x-19\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\frac{19}{7}\\x+1=49x^2-266x+361\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\frac{19}{7}\\49x^2-267x+360=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\left(tm\right)\)
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9-2x\ge0\\x^2-4x-12=\left(9-2x\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\frac{9}{2}\\3x^2-32x+93=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\sqrt[3]{15x^2-x-1}-\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{15x^2-x-1}-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-1\\\sqrt[3]{15x^2-x-1}-x+1=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{15x^2-x-1}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x^2-x-1=x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-18x^2+4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-18x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=9\pm\sqrt{77}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐK : \(x\ge\dfrac{-5}{2}\) PT tương đương
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+5}-3+\sqrt{x^2+5}-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{2x+5}+3}+\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+3}=0\)
đến đây thì ez rồi
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1;x\le-3;x=-1\)
\(\sqrt{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=2\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=0\left(1\right)\\\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)}-\sqrt{x-1}=2\sqrt{x+1}\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+6}=\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+6=x-1+4\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x^2-1}=3-3x\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3-3x\ge0\\16\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(3-3x\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le1\\7x^2+18x-25=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{-25}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có 3 nghiệm: \(x=-1;1;\dfrac{-25}{7}\)
thank