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\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ n_{AlCl_3}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=6.0,2=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,m=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\\ b,C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2.36,5}{750}.100=5,84\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
(mol)_____0,2____0,2______0,2____0,2__
\(a.V_{H_2}=22,4.0,2=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98.100}{24,5}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c.m_{ddspu}=13+80-0,2.2=92,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{ddspu}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{92,6}.100=29,4\left(\%\right)\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,12}{56}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
0,02->0,02------------------>0,02
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
c) \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{100}.100\%=1,96\%\)
d) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,8}{80}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,01 < 0,02 => H2 dư
Theo pthh: nCu = nCuO = 0,01 (mol)
=> mCu = 0,01.64 = 0,64 (g)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,305 0,305 0,305 0,305
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,832}{22,4}=0,305\left(mol\right)\)
\(a,m_{H_2SO_4}=98.0,305=29,89\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{28,89}{12,5}.100\approx199,3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=24.0,305=7,32\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,305.2=0,61\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khổi lượng , ta có :
\(m_{MgSO_4}=\left(199,3+7,32\right)-0,61=206,01\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{MgSO_4}=0,305.120=36,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{36,6}{206,01}.100\%\approx17,8\%\)
+nAl = 3,24/27 = 0,12 mol
PT
2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,12_0,36____0,12_____0,18(mol)
VH2 = 0,18*22,4 = 4,032 lít
mH2 = 0,18 *2 = 0,36g
mHCl (dd HCl) = 0,36 * 36,5= 13,14 g
-> mdd HCl cần dùng = 13,14 / 20% = 65,7g
mAlCl3 = 0,12 * 133,5 = 16,02g
m dd AlCl3 = mAl+mddHCl-mH2 = 3,24+65,7-0,36 = 68,58g
-> C%dd AlCl3 = 16,02/68,58 *100%= 23,36%
a)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2-->0,4----->0,2--->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
b) mHCl = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)
c)
mdd sau pư = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)
mZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2 (g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%=12,8\%\)
\(Đặt.oxit:A_2O_3\\ A_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow A_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{34,2-10,2}{96.3-16.3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ M_{A_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{0,1}=102\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)=2M_A+48\\ \Rightarrow M_A=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ a,\Rightarrow A.là.nhôm\left(Al=27\right)\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{100}.100=29,4\%\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3Na_2SO_4\\ n_{NaOH}=6.0,1=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
`Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4->Fe_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2O`
0,0625----------0,1875---------0,0625 mol
`->n_(Fe_2O_3)=10/160=0,0625mol`
`->m_(Fe_2(SO_4)_3)=0,0625.400=25g`
`->C%(H_2SO_4)=((0,1875.98)/(450)).100%=4,083%`
`#YBtran<3`
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{10}{160}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\\ a,m=m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=400.0,0625=25\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=3.0,0625=0,1875\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1875.98}{450}.100\%\approx4,083\%\)