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\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{1}{2}\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2}\frac{4}{c+a}\)
\(=\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c
CM theo bdt co-si
Áp dụng bdt Co - si cho cặp số dương a2/c và c
Ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{c}+c\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{c}.c}=2a\)(1)
CMTT: \(\frac{b^2}{a}+a\ge2b\)(2)
\(\frac{c^2}{b}+b\ge2c\)(3)
Từ (1); (2) và (3) cộng vế theo vế, ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{c}+c+\frac{b^2}{a}+a+\frac{c^2}{b}+b\ge2a+2b+2c\)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}\ge2a+2b+2c-a-b-c=a+b+c\)(Đpcm)
\(\frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\) ( với a,b,c>0) ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{4}=\frac{a^4}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{4}\ge a^2\) (1)
CMTT ta được
\(\frac{b^3}{a+c}+\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{4}\ge b^2\) (2)
\(\frac{c^3}{a+b}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{4}\ge c^2\) (3)
Cộng lần lượt từng vế của 3 BĐT (1);(2);(3) ta được:
\(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{a+c}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}+\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{4}+\frac{b\left(c+a\right)}{4}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{4}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{a+c}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}+\frac{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}{4}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{a+c}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\) (*)
Áp dụng BĐT \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)với 3 số a,b,c>0 ta được:
\(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
Thay vào pt (*) ta được:
\(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{a+c}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2-\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{a+c}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
k tớ nha !!!
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge-a-b-c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}+a+b+c\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(b^2+b+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(c^2+c+\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(c+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy \(a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge-a-b-c\)
b ) chuyển vế tương tự
<=> \(\frac{b+c-a}{2a}+1+\frac{a-b+c}{2b}+1+\frac{a+b-c}{2c}+1\ge\frac{3}{2}+3\)
<=> \(\frac{a+b+c}{2c}+\frac{a+b+c}{2b}+\frac{a+b+c}{2c}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
<=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
<=> \(\frac{a}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{c}{c}\ge9\)
<=> \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge6\)
Ap dung bdt \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)
Suy ra ve trai >= 2.3=6=ve phai
=> DPCM
Dau = xay ra <=> a=b=c
mik phai di hoc nen tra loi tat mong ban thong cam
\(C=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+1+\frac{b}{c+a}+1+\frac{c}{a+b}+1\ge\frac{3}{2}+1+1+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)+\left(a+b\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\left(^∗\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)+\left(a+b\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\\\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\end{cases}}\)
Nhân vế của các bđt ta được :
\(VT\left(^∗\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}}=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
đặt b + c = x ; c + a = y ; a + b = z
\(\Rightarrow\)a + b + c = \(\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{y+z-x}{2};b=\frac{x+z-y}{2};c=\frac{x+y-z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
\(C=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}-3\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(6-3\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
1) Trước hết ta đi chứng minh BĐT : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\) (1)
Thật vậy : BĐT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
Vì vậy BĐT (1) đúng.
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:
\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left[2.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh !
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\\\frac{1}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\\\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm)
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}\)+\(\frac{b+c}{4}\)=\(\frac{\left(2a\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)>=\(\frac{4a\left(b+c\right)}{4\left(b+c\right)}\)=a (b,c>0)
chứng minh tương tự ta có:\(\frac{b^2}{a+c}\)+\(\frac{c+a}{4}\)>=b
tương tự:\(\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)+\(\frac{a+b}{4}\)>=c
Cộng từng vế bất đẳng thức trên là được nha.Có gì ko hiểu thì hỏi mình