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Đặt Q = \(\frac{x^3}{4\left(y+2\right)}+\frac{y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)}\) = \(\frac{x^3\left(x+2\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}+\frac{y^3\left(y+2\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}\)
Q = \(\frac{x^4+y^4+2x^3+2y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}\) = \(\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{4\left(xy+2x+2y+4\right)}\)
Q = \(\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{4\left(2x+2y+8\right)}\) = \(\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có:
\(x^4+y^4\ge2\sqrt{x^4y^4}=2x^2y^2\)
\(x^2+y^2\ge2\sqrt{x^2y^2=}2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)Q = \(\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\ge\frac{2x^2y^2+2xy\left(x+y\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}=\frac{2xy\left(xy+x+y\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)Q = \(\frac{8\left(x+y+4\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\)= \(1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra : \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x,y>0\\x=y\Rightarrow\\xy=4\end{cases}x=y=2}\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của Q là 1 \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=2\)
CMR: \(\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^{2021}+\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^{2021}⋮4\)
đặt \(a=2+\sqrt{3}\); \(b=2-\sqrt{3}\)
suy ra: \(a+b=2+\sqrt{3}+2-\sqrt{3}=4\)
và : \(ab=\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)=1\)
Ta có: \(a^{2021}+b^{2021}=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^{2020}-a^{2019}b+a^{2018}b^2-...+a^{1010}b^{1010}-...-ab^{2019}+b^{2020}\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^{2020}-a^{2018}ab+a^{2016}a^2b^2-...+a^{1010}b^{1010}-...-abb^{2018}+b^{2020}\right)\)
Vì \(a+b=4\);\(ab=1\)nên:
\(a^{2021}+b^{2021}=4\left(a^{2020}-a^{2018}+a^{2016}-...+1-...-b^{2018}+b^{2020}\right)\)
\(=4\left(a^{2020}+b^{2020}-\left(a^{2018}+b^{2018}\right)+a^{2016}+b^{2016}-...+1\right)\)
\(=4\left(\left(a+b\right)^{2020}-2\left(ab\right)^{1010}-\left(a+b\right)^{2018}+2\left(ab\right)^{1009}+\left(a+b\right)^{2016}-2\left(ab\right)^{1008}-...+1\right)\)\(=4\left(4^{2020}-2-4^{2018}+2+4^{2016}-2-...+1\right)\)
\(=4S\)(Với \(S\inℕ^∗\))
suy ra \(a^{2021}+b^{2021}=4S⋮4\)
Vậy \(\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^{2021}+\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^{2021}⋮4\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)
ĐK : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y>0\\x\ne y\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y}{x-y}-\frac{x-2\sqrt{xy}+y}{x-y}\)
\(=\frac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y-x+2\sqrt{xy}-y}{x-y}=\frac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}\)
Với \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=7+2\sqrt{3}\\y=7-2\sqrt{3}\end{cases}}\)( tmđk )
=> \(A=\frac{4\sqrt{\left(7+2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(7-2\sqrt{3}\right)}}{7+2\sqrt{3}-\left(7-2\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4\sqrt{7^2-\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}{7+2\sqrt{3}-7+2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{4\sqrt{49-12}}{4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{4\sqrt{37}}{4\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{37}}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{37}\cdot\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{111}}{3}\)
\(D=\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}:\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2-\frac{x+y}{x-2\sqrt{xy}+y}\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ge0,y\ge0,x\ne y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}:\left(\frac{\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)^2-\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}.\frac{xy}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}-\frac{x+y}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow D=\frac{2\sqrt{xy}-x-y}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}=\frac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}=-1\)
=> ko phụ thuộc x
*Đã hơn 3 ngày mà vẫn chưa có lời giải :(
\(ĐK:x\ne0;y\ne0\)
Với pt(1) : Đặt \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+2\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}=t^2-2\)
Mặt khác : \(\left(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\right)^2=\left(t^2-2\right)^2\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{y^4}+\frac{y^4}{x^4}+2=t^4-4t^2+4\)
Từ đó \(\frac{x^4}{y^4}+\frac{y^4}{x^4}=t^4-4t^2+2\)
Theo AM_GM có \(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}\ge2\Leftrightarrow t^2\ge4\Leftrightarrow|t|\ge2\)
Ta có VT của pt (1) : \(g\left(t\right)=t^4-5t^2+t+4,|t|\ge2\)
Có \(g'\left(t\right)=2t\left(2t^2-5\right)+1\)
Nhận xét :
+ \(t\ge2\Rightarrow2t\left(2t^2-5\right)\ge4\left(8-5\right)>0\Rightarrow g'\left(t\right)>0\)
+ \(t\le-2\Rightarrow2t\le-4;2t^2-5\ge3\Rightarrow-2t\left(2t^2-5\right)\ge12\Rightarrow2t\left(2t^2-5\right)\le-12\Rightarrow g'\left(t\right)< 0\)
Lập BBT có giá trị nhỏ nhất của g(t)= -2 đạt được tại t= -2
Vậy từ pt(1) có \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=-2\left(.\right)\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{x}{y}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{x}=\frac{1}{a},a\ne0\)
Lúc đó pt (.) \(\Leftrightarrow a+\frac{1}{a}=-2\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-y\)
Thay \(x=-y\)vào pt(2) có :
\(x^6+x^2-8x+6=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+4x+6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left[x^2\left(x+1\right)^2+2\left(x+1\right)^2+4\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy HPT có duy nhất 1 nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;-1\right)\)
a) A = B : C = \(\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right).\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right]\). \(\frac{\sqrt{x^3y}+\sqrt{xy^3}}{\sqrt{x^3}+y\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{y^3}}\)
A xác định <=> x > 0 và y > 0
\(B=\left[\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}.\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right]=\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\)
\(C=\frac{\sqrt{x}.\left(x+y\right)+\sqrt{y}.\left(x+y\right)}{\sqrt{xy}.\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right).\left(x+y\right)}{\sqrt{xy}.\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
=> A = B : C = \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\) : \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\) = \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
c) \(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}}=2.\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}}\)
=> A nhỏ nhất bằng \(2.\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}}\) khi \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\) => x = y = \(\sqrt{6}\)