Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
\(\frac{xy\sqrt{z-1}+xz\sqrt{y-2}+yz\sqrt{x-3}}{xyz}\\ =\frac{xy\sqrt{z-1}}{xyz}+\frac{xz\sqrt{y-2}}{xyz}+\frac{yz\sqrt{x-3}}{xyz}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{z-1}}{z}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\frac{\sqrt{x-3}}{x}\\ =\frac{2\sqrt{z-1}}{2z}+\frac{2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{y-2}}{2\sqrt{2}y}+\frac{2\sqrt{3}\sqrt{x-3}}{2\sqrt{3}x}\)
Áp dụng BDT Cô-si với 2 số không âm:
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\sqrt{z-1}}{2z}+\frac{2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{y-2}}{2\sqrt{2}y}+\frac{2\sqrt{3}\sqrt{x-3}}{2\sqrt{3}x}\\ \le\frac{1+\left(z-1\right)}{2z}+\frac{2+\left(y-2\right)}{2\sqrt{2}y}+\frac{3+\left(x-3\right)}{2\sqrt{3}x}\\ =\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z-1=1\\y-2=2\\x-3=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z=2\\y=4\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy.......
Lời giải:
Để cho gọn đặt \((\sqrt{x}; \sqrt{y}; \sqrt{z})=(a,b,c)\) với \(a,b,c>0\)
Khi đó:
\(A=\frac{bc}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{ac}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{ab}{c^2+2ab}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}(\frac{2bc}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{2ac}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{2ab}{c^2+2ab})\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+1-\frac{b^2}{b^2+2ac}+1-\frac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\underbrace{\left(\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\right)}_{M}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(M\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+2bc+b^2+2ac+c^2+2ab}=\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{(a+b+c)^2}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}M\leq \frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=1\)
Vậy \(A_{\max}=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(A\le\frac{1+x-1}{x}+\frac{2+y-2}{2y}+\frac{3+z-3}{3z}=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{11}{6}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-2}=2\\\sqrt{z-3}=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=1\\y-2=2\\z-3=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=\frac{11}{6}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
Xin lỗi bạn. Bài đó mk lm sai rồi.
Sửa:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(A=\frac{1.\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{y-2}}{\sqrt{2}.y}+\frac{\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{z-3}}{\sqrt{3}.z}\le\frac{\frac{1+x-1}{2}}{x}+\frac{\frac{2+y-2}{2}}{\sqrt{2}.y}+\frac{\frac{3+z-3}{2}}{\sqrt{3}.z}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2.\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2.\sqrt{3}}\)\(=\frac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{2.\sqrt{6}}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-2}=\sqrt{2}\\\sqrt{z-3}=\sqrt{3}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=1\\y-2=2\\z-3=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=\frac{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}{2.\sqrt{6}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)\(\ge3+\sqrt{x^2.\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}+1}+\sqrt{y^2.\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}+1}\)
\(+\sqrt{z^2.\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}+1}\)
Ta có biến đổi sau:
\(VT=\frac{xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)+3xyz}{xyz}\)\(=\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+3\)
\(VP=\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{z}.\frac{y+z}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+z}{x}.\frac{z+x}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z+x}{y}.\frac{x+y}{z}}\)
Nên bđt đã cho tương đương với:
\(\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}\)\(\ge\sqrt{\frac{x+y}{z}.\frac{y+z}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+z}{x}.\frac{z+x}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z+x}{y}.\frac{x+y}{z}}\)
Đúng theo bđt cơ bản \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Lâu lắm r mới quay lại web :))
Xét : \(2A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{yz}}{x+2\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{xz}}{y+2\sqrt{xz}}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{z+2\sqrt{xy}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM cho các số dương , ta có :
\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{yz}}{x+2\sqrt{yz}}=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{yz}-x}{x+2\sqrt{yz}}=1-\dfrac{x}{x+2\sqrt{yz}}\le1-\dfrac{x}{x+x+z}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{xz}}{y+2\sqrt{xz}}=\dfrac{y+2\sqrt{xz}-y}{y+2\sqrt{xz}}=1-\dfrac{y}{y+2\sqrt{xz}}\le1-\dfrac{y}{x+y+z}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{z+2\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{z+2\sqrt{xy}-z}{z+2\sqrt{xy}}=1-\dfrac{z}{z+2\sqrt{xy}}\le1-\dfrac{z}{x+y+z}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của \(\left(1;2;3\right)\) ta được :
\(2A\le1+1+1-\left(\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+z}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\le1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{Max}=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Nhân thêm và, dùng Cauchy
\(1\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{1\left(x-1\right)}\le\frac{x}{2}\). Tương tự với y thì nhân 2; với z thì nhân 3
\(\frac{yz\sqrt{x-1}+xz\sqrt{y-2}+xy\sqrt{z-3}}{xyz}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x-1}\le\frac{1+x-1}{2}=\frac{x}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta được: \(\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)
Suy ra: \(\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\le\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức = \(\frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1+x^3+y^3\ge xyz+xy\left(x+y\right)=xy\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3xy\sqrt[3]{xyz}=3xy\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{xy}}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3yz}}{yz}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{yz}}\); \(\frac{\sqrt{1+x^3+z^3}}{xz}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3xz}}{xz}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{xz}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)\ge3\sqrt{3}\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2y^2z^2}}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Bài toán thiếu điều kiện \(x\ge1;y\ge2;z\ge3\)
Ta có : \(M=\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy, ta có : \(\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(x-1\right).1}}{x}\le\frac{x-1+1}{2x}=\frac{x}{2x}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(y-2\right).2}}{\sqrt{2}.y}\le\frac{y-2+2}{2\sqrt{2}.y}=\frac{y}{2\sqrt{2}y}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(z-3\right).3}}{\sqrt{3}z}\le\frac{z-3+3}{2\sqrt{3}z}=\frac{z}{2\sqrt{3}z}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)
Cộng các bđt theo vế , được : \(M\le\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}z-3=3\\y-2=2\\x-1=1\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\\z=6\end{cases}}\)
Vậy giá trị lớn nhất của M bằng \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\) khi và chỉ khi (x;y;z) = (2;4;6)
\(=>A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\)
áp dụng BĐT AM-GM
\(=>\sqrt{x-1}\le\dfrac{x-1+1}{2}=\dfrac{x}{2}\)
\(=>\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{x}{2}}{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1\right)\)
có \(\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(y-2\right)2}}{\sqrt{2}.y}\)
\(=>\sqrt{\left(y-2\right)2}\le\dfrac{y-2+2}{2}=\dfrac{y}{2}\)
\(=>\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(y-2\right)2}}{\sqrt{2}.y}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{y}{2}}{\sqrt{2}.y}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(2\right)\)
tương tự \(=>\dfrac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\left(3\right)\)
(1)(2)(3)\(=>A\le\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)