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Hình như đề bài có vấn đề : thừa đk ab + bc + ac = abc
ta có : \(\frac{\sqrt{b^2+2a^2}}{ab}\ge\frac{\sqrt{4a^2b^2}}{ab}=\frac{2ab}{ab}=2\)
Tương tự \(\frac{\sqrt{c^2+2b^2}}{bc}\ge2\) ; \(\frac{\sqrt{a^2+2c^2}}{ac}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{b^2+2a^2}}{ab}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+2b^2}}{bc}+\frac{\sqrt{a^2+2c^2}}{ac}\ge2+2+2=6>\sqrt{3}\)
\(\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4bc}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}\cdot\frac{b+c}{4bc}}=\frac{1}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{c+a}{4ca}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}\cdot\frac{c+a}{4ca}}=\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{a+b}{4ab}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\cdot\frac{a+b}{4ab}}=\frac{1}{c}\)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức trên ta được:
\(\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4bc}+\frac{c+a}{4ca}+\frac{a+b}{4ab}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Mà\(\frac{b+c}{4bc}+\frac{c+a}{4ca}+\frac{a+b}{4ab}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)nên:
\(\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
hay\(\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2c}\)
Bất đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a}, y=\frac{1}{b}, z=\frac{1}{c}, \Rightarrow x+y+z=2\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{a\left(2a-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{b\left(2b-1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{c\left(2c-1\right)^2}=\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{2-x}{8}+\frac{2-x}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2} .\frac{2-x}{8}.\frac{2-x}{8}}=\frac{3x}{4}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}\ge x-\frac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\ge x+y+z-\frac{3}{2}=2-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{2}{3}\)hay \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+ab}}=\frac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(ab+2c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)}}\ge\frac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2ab+2c^2}\ge\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=ab+2c^2\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\frac{bc+2a^2}{1+bc-a^2}}\ge bc+2a^2\) ; \(\sqrt{\frac{ca+2b^2}{1+ac-b^2}}\ge ca+2b^2\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca=2+ab+bc+ca\)
\(VT=\frac{b^2c^2}{b+c}+\frac{a^2c^2}{a+c}+\frac{a^2b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge\frac{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Lời giải:
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
$\frac{1}{bc(2a^2+bc)}+\frac{1}{ac(2b^2+ac)}+\frac{1}{ab(2c^2+ab)}\geq 1(*)$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$\frac{1}{bc(2a^2+bc)}+\frac{1}{ac(2b^2+ac)}+\frac{1}{ab(2c^2+ab)}\geq \frac{9}{bc(2a^2+bc)+ac(2b^2+ac)+ab(2c^2+ab)}=\frac{9}{(ab+bc+ac)^2}=\frac{9}{3^2}=1$
Do đó BĐT $(*)$ đúng. Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$