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\(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=4\)
\(\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\ge4+2=6\)
\(VT=\left(\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}=4+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge ab\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\ge2ab\) (BĐT AM-GM or CÔ si gì đó)
\(VT\ge4+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=4+2=6^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2=2ab\\a+b=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\a+b=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\a+b=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
1) \(9x^2+y^2-2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z^2+2z+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\)
mà: \(9\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0;2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\)
nên \(_{\hept{\begin{cases}9\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{cases}}}\)
2) Ta có: \(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}\right)=0\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
Lại có: \(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}=1\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}\right)+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{2yz}{bc}+\frac{2xz}{ac}=1\)
mà : \(\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{2yz}{bc}+\frac{2xz}{ac}=\frac{2xyabc^2+2yzbca^2+2xzacb^2}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{2abc\left(cxy+ayz+bxz\right)}{a^2b^2c^2}=\frac{2abc\cdot0}{a^2b^2c^2}=0\)
Vậy \(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1\)
1 ) \(9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}9\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2\ge0\)
Để \(9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\) thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}9\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{cases}}}\)
2 ) Ta có : \(\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{2xz}{ac}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+\frac{2yz}{bc}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}\right)+\left(\frac{2xy}{ab}+\frac{2xz}{ac}+\frac{2yz}{bc}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}\right)+\frac{2xyz}{abc}\left(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}\right)+\frac{2xyz}{abc}.0=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1\) (đpcm(
\(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{4}{a^2+2ab+b^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{2}{1}+\frac{4}{1}=6\)