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1.VT= \(\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{x}{y}=\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 2 số dương, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\)≥ 2\(\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}.\dfrac{y}{x}}\)=2; tương tự \(\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{z}{x}\)≥2; \(\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{z}{y}\)≥2.
Cộng 3 BĐT trên, ta được đpcm.
2.Đặt b+c-a= x, a+c-b= y, a+b-c= z. Khi đó x,y,z>0.
2a= y+z; 2b= x+z; 2c= x+y. Khi đó bđt cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(\dfrac{x+y}{z}+\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{z+x}{y}\)≥6.
Theo bài 1 bđt luôn đúng
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\dfrac{2}{b}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{c}\)
Cộng vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\right)\ge\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
cho em hỏi tại sao 1/a+b-c +1/b+c-a>=4/a+b-c+b+c-a vậy ạ
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+bc\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)+ca\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2-c^2\right)+ca\left(c^2-a^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\) hay tam giác cân
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b+c}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{b}{c+a}>\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{c}{a+b}>\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}>\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b+c}< \dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{b}{c+a}< \dfrac{2b}{a+b+c}\\\dfrac{c}{a+b}< \dfrac{2c}{a+b+c}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}< \dfrac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=2\)
Từ trên \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Bài 1:a,b,c ba cạnh tam giác => a,b,c dương
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c>b\\a+b>c\\b+c>a\end{matrix}\right.\) ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{y}< \dfrac{x+p}{y+p}\forall_{x,y,p>0\&x< y}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+c}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+b}{a+b+c}=\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c+b+c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(A+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{2\left(b+a+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2=VP\)
p/s: đề sao làm vậy:
mình nghi đề phải thế này: \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}< 2\) cách làm đơn giản hơn
`1/a^2+1/b^2+1/c^2<=(a+b+c)/(abc)`
`<=>1/a^2+1/b^2+1/c^2<=1/(ab)+1/(bc)+1/(ca)`
`<=>2/a^2+2/b^2+2/c^2<=2/(ab)+2/(bc)+2/(ca)`
`<=>1/a^2-2/(ab)+1/b^2+1/b^2-2/(bc)+1/c^2+1/c^2-2/(ac)+1/a^2<=0`
`<=>(1/a-1/b)^2+(1/b-1/c)^2+(1/c-1/a)^2<=0`
Mà `(1/a-1/b)^2+(1/b-1/c)^2+(1/c-1/a)^2>=0`
`=>(1/a-1/b)^2+(1/b-1/c)^2+(1/c-1/a)^2=0`
`<=>1/a=1/b=1/c`
`<=>a=b=c`
`=>` tam giác này là tam giác đều
`=>hata=hatb=hatc=60^o`
Áp dụng bđt cosi với hai số dương:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{ab}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{bc}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\ge\dfrac{2}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ac}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ac}\) (*)
Theo giả thiết có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\le\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ac}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\) (2*)
Từ (*), (2*) ,dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
=> Tam giác chứa ba cạnh a,b,c thỏa mãn gt là tam giác đều
=> Số đo các góc là 60 độ
Đề sai nhé . \(\ge3\)
Đặt \(b+c-a=x;a+c-b=y;a+b-c=z\) ( x ; y ; z luôn > 0 )
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=\dfrac{x+y}{2}\\a=\dfrac{y+z}{2};b=\dfrac{x+z}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : \(A=\dfrac{y+z}{2x}+\dfrac{x+z}{2y}+\dfrac{x+y}{2z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 số , ta có :
\(A\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{2x.2y.2z}}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{8xyz}{8xyz}}=3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Ta có bất đẳng thức sau
a2 + b2 + c2 \(\ge\) ab + bc + ca (1)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c
Thật vậy (1) <=> 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ca \(\ge0\)
<=> (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2 \(\ge0\) (bđt này luôn đúng)
Khi đó ta được (1) <=> 2(a2 + b2 + c2) \(\ge\) 2(ab + bc + ca)
<=> 3(a2 + b2 + c2) \(\ge\) 2ab + 2bc + 2ca + a2 + b2 + c2
<=> 3(a2 + b2 + c2) \(\ge\) (a + b + c)2
=> -(a2 + b2 + c2) \(\le\dfrac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}\)
Ta có \(P=\dfrac{b+c}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a-b}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b-c}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{c}{a+b-c}+3\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+ac-a^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{ab+bc-b^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+bc-c^2}+3\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+ac-a^2+ab+bc-b^2+ac+bc-c^2}+3\) (BĐT Schwarz)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2ab+2ac+2bc-a^2-b^2-c^2}+3\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}+3\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+3=\dfrac{1}{1-\dfrac{2}{3}}+3=6\) (đpcm)