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a)
Gọi số mol CuO, Fe2O3 là a, b (mol)
=> 80a + 160b = 40 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a--->a--------->a
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
b----->3b---------->2b
=> a + 3b = 0,6 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,3 (mol);b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,3.80}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{40}.100\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nFe = 2b = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,2------------------->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
Bài 1:
nHCl=0,08(mol)
nH2O=0,8/2=0,04(mol)
=>mO(trong H2O)= mO(trong oxit)=0,04. 16= 0,64(g)
=>m(Fe,Mg trong oxit)= 5 - 0,64= 4,36(g)
=> m(muối)= m(Fe,Mg) + mCl- = 4,36+ 0,08.35,5=7,2(g)
Bài 2:
nHCl=0,05.2=0,1(mol) => nCl- =0,1(mol) => mCl- = 0,1.35,5=3,55(g)
3,55> 3,071 => Em coi lại đề
Bài 3 em cũng xem lại đề hé
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
b, Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27.100\%}{11}=49,09\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H2 dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(m_{Al}=a\left(g\right)\left(0< a< 11\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe}=11-a\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11-a}{56}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{27}\) \(\dfrac{a}{18}\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\) \(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)
\(\rightarrow pt:\dfrac{a}{18}+\dfrac{11-a}{56}=0,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Al}=a=5,4\left(g\right)\left(TM\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11}=49,1\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
LTL: \(0,2< 0,4\rightarrow\) H2 dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
a)
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,3<-----------------0,3
=> mMg = 0,3.24 = 7,2 (g)
=> mAg = 10,4 - 7,2 = 3,2 (g)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{10,4}.100\%=69,23\%\\\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{3,2}{10,4}.100\%=30,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{29,2}{36,5}=0,8mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Mg}=y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=27x\\m_{Mg}=24y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
x 3x ( mol )
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
y 2y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+24y=7,8\\3x+2y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\\m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4g\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 10,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
1, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{4,8}{56}\approx0,09\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
de: 0,09 \(\rightarrow\) 0,09 (mol)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,09}{1}\Rightarrow\) CuO dư
CuO + H2 \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) Cu + H2O
de: 0,2 0,09
pu: 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09
sau pu: 0,11 0 0,09 0,09
\(m_{Cu}=0,09.64\approx5,76g\)
2,Theo đề ta co: \(n_{Al}=n_{Mg}=\dfrac{5,1}{24+27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=27.0,1=2,7g\)
\(m_{Mg}=5,1-2,7=2,4g\)