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Tiếp câu b nha
\(A=\frac{n^5}{120}+\frac{n^4}{10}+\frac{7n^3}{24}+\frac{5n^2}{12}+\frac{n}{5}\)
\(=\frac{n^5+10n^4+35n^3+50n^2+24n}{120}\)
Ta có:\(n^5+10n^4+35n^3+50n^2+24n\)
\(=n\left(n^4+10x^3+35x^2+50x+24\right)\)
\(=n\left(n^4+2n^3+8n^3+16n^2+19n^2+38n+12n+4\right)\)
\(=n\left(n+3\right)\left(n^3+3n^2+5n^2+15n+4n+12\right)\)
\(=n\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4n+n+4\right)\)
\(=n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮3;5;8\)
Mà \(ƯC\left(3;5;8\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮120\)
Vậy A chia hết cho 120
vì bài dài quá nên mình làm từng bài 1 nhé
1. Ta thấy : \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{n^3-n}=\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]\)
Do đó :
\(B< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)
2.
Nhận xét : \(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
Do đó :
\(A=\frac{2^2}{1.3}.\frac{3^2}{2.4}.\frac{4^2}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{1.2...n}.\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{3.4...\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n+1}{1}.\frac{2}{n+2}< 2\)
+ Ta có : \(n^5-n=n\left(n^2-1\right)\left(n^2+1\right)\)
\(=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-4+5\right)\)
\(=\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)+5\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\)
+ \(\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)là tích 5 số nguyên liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)+5\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)⋮5\)
\(\Rightarrow n^5-n⋮5\)
+ \(n^3-n=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)⋮3\)
\(B=\frac{n^5-n}{5}+\frac{n^3-n}{3}+\frac{7n}{15}+\frac{n}{5}+\frac{n}{3}\)
\(=\frac{n^5-n}{5}+\frac{n^3-n}{3}+\frac{15n}{15}\)
=> B là số nguyên
\(A=\frac{n^5+10n^4+35n^3+50n^2+24n}{120}\) \(=\frac{n\left[n^3\left(n+1\right)+9n^2\left(n+1\right)+26n\left(n+1\right)+24\left(n+1\right)\right]}{120}\)
\(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left[n^3+9n^2+26n+24\right]}{120}\) \(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left[n^2\left(n+2\right)+7n\left(n+2\right)+12\left(n+2\right)\right]}{120}\)
\(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n^2+7n+12\right)}{120}\) \(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)}{120}\)
+ \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)\)là tích 5 số nguyên liên tiếp\
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮3\\n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮5\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)
+ trong 5 số nguyên liên tiếp tồn tại ít nhất 2 số chẵn liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮8\) ( do tích 2 số chẵn liên tiếp chia hết cho 8 ) (2)
+ Từ (1) và (2) => \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮120\)
=> đpcm
+ \(C=\frac{n^3+3n^2+2n}{24}=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{24}\)
+ \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\) là tích 3 số nguyên liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮3\) (3)
+ n và n + 2 là 2 số chẵn liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+2\right)⋮8\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮8\) (4)
+ Từ (3) và (4) \(\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮24\)
=> C là số nguyên
B1) Từ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)
Ta có \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2+2.0\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(đpcm\right)\)
B2) \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b;c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall c;a\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)}\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).2=\left(ab+bc+ca\right).2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy \(a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)thì \(a=b=c\)
d) ( n + 7 )2 - ( n - 5 )2
= n2 + 14n + 49 - n2 + 10n - 25
= 24n + 24
= 24 ( n + 1 ) chia hết cho 24 ( đpcm )
e)
( 7n + 5 )2 - 25
= ( 7n + 5 )2 - 52
= ( 7n + 5 - 5 ) ( 7n + 5 + 5 )
= 7n ( 7n + 10 ) chia hết cho 7 ( đpcm )
a, (n+3)2-(n-1)2
= n2+6n+9-n2+2n-1
= 8n + 8
= 8(n+1) chia hết cho 8