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Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(\frac{2x}{x^2+2xy}+\frac{y}{xy-2y^2}+\frac{4}{x^2-4y^2}\)
\(=\frac{2x}{x\left(x+2y\right)}+\frac{y}{y\left(x-2y\right)}+\frac{4}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{x+2y}+\frac{y}{x-2y}+\frac{4}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x-2y\right)}{\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}+\frac{y\left(x+2y\right)}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}+\frac{4}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x-4y+xy+2y^2+4}{\left(x-2y\right)\cdot\left(x+2y\right)}\)
b) Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x-y}+\frac{3xy}{y^3-x^3}+\frac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}-\frac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2-4xy+2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x-2y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
c) Ta có: \(\frac{xy}{2x-y}-\frac{x^2-1}{y-2x}\)
\(=\frac{xy}{2x-y}+\frac{x^2-1}{2x-y}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy-1}{2x-y}\)
d) Ta có: \(\frac{2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{x}-\frac{-2y^2}{x}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)+2y^2}{x}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2-2y^2+2y^2}{x}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2}{x}=2x\)
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(\frac{4x+1}{2}-\frac{3x+2}{3}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(4x+1\right)}{6}-\frac{2\left(3x+2\right)}{6}\)
\(=\frac{12x+3-6x-4}{6}\)
\(=\frac{6x-1}{6}\)
b) Ta có: \(\frac{x+3}{x}-\frac{x}{x-3}+\frac{9}{x^2-3x}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}-\frac{x^2}{x\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{9}{x\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-9-x^2+9}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\frac{0}{x\left(x-3\right)}=0\)
c) Ta có: \(\frac{x+3}{x^2+1}-\frac{1}{x^2+2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+2\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)}-\frac{x^2+1}{\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3+2x+3x^2+6-x^2-1}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3+2x^2+2x+5}{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)}\)
e) Ta có: \(\frac{3}{2x^2+2x}+\frac{2x-1}{x^2-1}-\frac{2}{x}\)
\(=\frac{3}{2x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{2x-1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}-\frac{2}{x}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(x-1\right)}{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}+\frac{2x\left(2x-1\right)}{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}-\frac{2\cdot2\cdot\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x-3+4x^2-2x-4\left(x^2-1\right)}{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4x^2+x-3-4x^2+4}{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+1}{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{1}{2x\left(x-1\right)}\)
d) Ta có: \(\frac{1}{3x-2}-\frac{4}{3x+2}-\frac{-10x+8}{9x^2-4}\)
\(=\frac{3x+2}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)}-\frac{4\left(3x-2\right)}{\left(3x+2\right)\left(3x-2\right)}-\frac{-10x+8}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x+2-12x+8+10x-8}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+2}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)}\)
f) Ta có: \(\frac{3x}{5x+5y}-\frac{x}{10x-10y}\)
\(=\frac{3x}{5\left(x+y\right)}-\frac{x}{10\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x\cdot2\cdot\left(x-y\right)}{10\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}-\frac{x\cdot\left(x+y\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{6x^2-6xy-x^2-xy}{10\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{5x^2-7xy}{10\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(a,\frac{x+1}{x-2}+\frac{x-1}{x+2}=\frac{2\left(x^2+2\right)}{x^2-4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+3x+2+x^2-3x+2}{x^2-4}=\frac{2\left(x^2+2\right)}{x^2-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+2\right)=2\left(x^2+2\right)\)(luôn đúng)
Vậy pt có vô số nghiệm
\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3\right)\left(\frac{3x+8}{2-7x}+1\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(\frac{3x+8}{2-7x}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{3x+8}{2-7x}+1\right)\left(2x+3-x+5\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{-4x+10}{2-7x}\right)\left(x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}-4x+10=0\\x+8=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{2}\\x=-8\end{cases}}\)
Mấy câu rút gọn bạn quy đồng nha
Bài 2: \(a,\frac{7x-1}{2x^2+6x}=\frac{7x-1}{2x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{\left(7x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\frac{5-3x}{x^2-9}=\frac{5-3x}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{\left(5-3x\right)2x}{2x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(b,\frac{x+1}{x-x^2}=\frac{x+1}{x\left(1-x\right)}=-\frac{x+1}{x\left(x+1\right)}=-\frac{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{x+2}{2-4x+2x^2}=\frac{x+2}{2\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{2x\left(x+2\right)}{2x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(c,\frac{4x^2-3x+5}{x^3-1}=\frac{4x^2-3x+5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{2x}{x^2+x+1}=\frac{2x\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{6}{x-1}=\frac{6\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(d,\frac{7}{5x}=\frac{7.2\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}{2.5x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{4}{x-2y}=-\frac{4}{2y-x}=-\frac{4.2.5x\left(2x+x\right)}{2.5x\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
\(\frac{x-y}{8y^2-2x^2}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(4y^2-x^2\right)}=\frac{x-y}{2\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}=\frac{5x\left(x-y\right)}{2.5x.\left(2y-x\right)\left(2y+x\right)}\)
a) Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{x-4}{\frac{2x-1}{x-1}}\) được xác định
thì \(\frac{2x-1}{x-1}\ne0\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1\ne0\\x-1\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x\ne1\\x\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne\frac{1}{2}\\x\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: ĐKXĐ của biểu thức \(\frac{x-4}{\frac{2x-1}{x-1}}\) là \(x\ne\frac{1}{2}\) và x≠1
b)
Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{-5}{\frac{x-2}{3x+1}}\) được xác định
thì \(\frac{x-2}{3x+1}\ne0\)
⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2\ne0\\3x+1\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne2\\3x\ne-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne2\\x\ne\frac{-1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: ĐKXĐ của biểu thức \(\frac{-5}{\frac{x-2}{3x+1}}\) là \(x\ne\frac{-1}{3}\) và x≠2
c)Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{x^2+2x+5}{2x^2+5x+3}\) thì \(2x^2+5x+3\ne0\)
hay \(2x^2+2x+3x+3\ne0\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+3\right)\ne0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1\ne0\\2x+3\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\2x\ne-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne1\\x\ne\frac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{x^2+2x+5}{2x^2+5x+3}\) được xác định thì \(x\ne\frac{-3}{2}\) và x≠1
d) Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{x^2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(1-y\right)}\) được xác định thì
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(1-y\right)\ne0\)
hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y\ne0\\1-y\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1\ne0\\y\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\y\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{x^2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(1-y\right)}\) được xác định thì x≠-1 và y≠1
e) Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1-y\right)}\) được xác định thì
\(\left(1+x\right)\left(1-y\right)\ne0\)
hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+x\ne0\\1-y\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\y\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Để giá trị của biểu thức \(\frac{x^2y^2}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1-y\right)}\)được xác định thì x≠-1 và y≠1
Bài 4:
a) \(\frac{2x^2-10xy}{2xy}+\frac{5y-x}{y}\)
\(=\frac{y.\left(2x^2-10xy\right)}{2xy.y}+\frac{2xy.\left(5y-x\right)}{2xy.y}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2y-10xy^2}{2xy^2}+\frac{10xy^2-2x^2y}{2xy^2}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2y-10xy^2+10xy^2-2x^2y}{2xy^2}\)
\(=\frac{0}{2xy^2}\)
\(=0.\)
b) \(\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x-y}+\frac{3x}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x-y}+\frac{3x}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2.\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1.\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{3x}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x-2y}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{x+y}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{3x}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x-2y+x+y+3x}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{6x-y}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x+y\right)}\)
c) \(x+y+\frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{1}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right).\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{x+y}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2+y^2}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2+2xy+2y^2}{x+y}.\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
a.\(\frac{1-3x}{2}-\frac{x+3}{2}=\frac{1-3x-x-3}{2}=\frac{1-4x-3}{2}=\frac{-4x-2}{2}=\frac{-2\left(2x+1\right)}{2}=-2x-1\)
b. \(\frac{2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}{x}-\frac{-2y^2}{x}=\frac{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)+2y^2}{x}=\frac{2x^2-2y^2+2y^2}{x}=2x\)
c. \(\frac{3x+1}{x+y}-\frac{2x-3}{x+y}=\frac{3x+1-2x+3}{x+y}=\frac{x+4}{x+y}\)
d. \(\frac{xy}{2x-y}-\frac{x^2-1}{y-2x}=\frac{xy}{2x-y}-\frac{1-x^2}{2x-y}=\frac{xy-1+x^2}{2x-y}\)
e. \(\frac{4x-1}{3x^2y}-\frac{7x-1}{3x^2y}=\frac{4x-1-7x+1}{3x^2y}=\frac{-3x}{3x^2y}=\frac{-1}{xy}\)