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a)
\(C_6H_{12}O_6\underrightarrow{men}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2\)
\(C_2H_5OH+CH_3COOH⇌CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)
\(2CH_3COOH+Mg\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\)
b)
\(CH_2=CH_2+H_2O\rightarrow C_2H_5OH\)
\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{men}CH_3COOH+2H_2O\)
\(2CH_3COOH+2Na\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+H_2\)
\(CH_3COONa+NaOH\xrightarrow[CaO]{t^o}CH_4+Na_2CO_3\)
1/ Phản ứng este hóa:
Rượu (nhóm OH) + axit (nhóm COOH) ==>(to,axit) muối + nước
2/ a/ C2H4 + H2O => (140oC, H2SO4đ) C2H5OH
C2H5OH + O2 => (men giấm) CH3COOH + H2O
2CH3COOH + Zn => (CH3COO)2Zn + H2
b/ C6H12O6 => (men rượu,to) 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH
C2H5OH + O2 => (men giấm) CH3COOH + H2O
CH3COOH + C2H5OH \(\Leftrightarrow\) (H2SO4,đ,to) CH3COOC2H5 + H2O (pứ este hóa)
1/ Phản ứng este hóa là phản ứng giữa axit và rượu trong điều kiện nhiệt độ, có H2SO4 đặc làm xúc tác.
VD: C2H5OH + CH3COOH <-H2SO4đ,to-> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
2/
a) C2H4 + H2O -axit-> C2H5OH
C2H5OH + O2 -men giấm-> CH3COOH + H2O
2CH3COOH + Zn --> (CH3COO)2Zn + H2
b) C6H12O6 -men rượu,to> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
C2H5OH + O2 -men giấm-> CH3COOH + H2O
CH3COOH + C2H5OH <-H2SO4đ,to-> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
a,
Phải là FeCl3--->Fe(OH)3
\(\text{FeCl3 + 3NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl }\)
\(\text{2Fe(OH)3 - to--> Fe2O3 + 3H2O}\)
\(\text{Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O}\)
\(\text{Fe2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 -> 2FeCl3 + 3BaSO4}\)
\(\text{2FeCl3 + 3Ca(OH)2 -> 2Fe(OH)3 + 3CaCl2}\)
b,
\(\text{SO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO3 + H2O}\)
\(\text{Na2SO3 + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + SO2 + H2O}\)
\(\text{Na2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 -> BaSO4 + 2NaOH}\)
\(\text{2NaOH + ZnCl2 -> Zn(OH)2 + 2NaCl}\)
\(\text{Zn(OH)2 --to--> ZnO + H2O}\)
Câu 1: Hãy viết các PTHH theo các sơ đồ phản ứng sau đây:
1) AgNO3 + HCl ---> AgCl↓+HNO3
2) Cu + H2SO4đnóng ---> CuSO4+SO2↑+H2O
3) BaCO3 + H2SO4 ---> BaSO4+CO2+H2O
4) 2NaOH + CuSO4 ---> Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2↓
5) Al(OH)3
6) K2CO3 + 2HCl --->2KCl + CO2↑+H2O
7) Ba(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 ---> NaNO3 + BaSO4↓
8) CuSO4 + 2KOH ---> K2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
9) AgNO3 + HCl ---> KNO3 + AgCl↓
Câu 2: Viết PTHH thực hiện chuỗi biến hóa sau:
a. Al2O3 ---> Al ---> Al(NO3)3 ---> Al(OH)3 ---> Al2O3 ---> Al2(SO4)3 ---> AlCl3 ---> Al ---> Cu
\(2Al_2O_3--dpnc->4Al+3O_2\)
\(Al+4HNO_3-->Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+NO\uparrow+2H_2O\)
\(Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+3NaOH-->Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaNO_3\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3-to->Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4-->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2-->2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\)
\(3Mg+2AlCl_3-->3MgCl_2+2Al\)
\(3CuCl_2+2Al-->2AlCl_3+3Cu\)
b. Fe ---> FeCl3 ---> Fe(OH)3 ---> Fe2O3 ---> Fe ---> FeCl2 ---> Fe(NO3)2 ---> FeCO3 ---> FeSO4.
\(2Fe+3Cl_2--to->2FeCl_3\)
\(FeCl_3+3NaOH-->Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-to->Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3CO-to->2Fe+3CO_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe+2HCl-->FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(FeCl_2+2AgNO_3-->Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+AgCl\downarrow\)
\(Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+Na_2CO_3--->FeCO_3+2NaNO_3\)
\(FeCO_3+H_2SO_4-->FeSO_4+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)
c. Mg ---> MgO ---> MgCl2 ---> Mg(OH)2 ---> MgSO4 ---> MgCl2 ---> Mg(NO3)2 ---> MgCO3
\(2Mg+O_2--to->MgO\)
\(MgO+2HCl-->MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH-->Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4-->MgSO_4+2H_2O\)
\(MgSO_4+BaCl_2-->MgCl_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
\(MgCl_2+2AgNO_3-->Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)
\(Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+Na_2CO_3-->MgCO_3\downarrow+2NaNO_3\)
d. Cu(OH)2 ---> CuO ---> CuSO4 ---> CuCl2 ---> Cu(NO3)2 ---> Cu ---> CuO.
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2-->CuO+H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4-->CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(CuSO_4+BaCl_2-->CuCl_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
\(CuCl_2+2AgNO_3-->Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\)
\(Fe+Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2-->Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+Cu\)
\(2Cu+O_2-->2CuO\)
a) C2H5OH + Ca -->(ko có thì phải )
b) CH3COOH + Ba(OH)2 --> (CH3COOH)2Ba + H2O
c) CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
d) CH3COOH + Na2O --> CH3COONa + H2O
e) CH3COOH + Mg --> (CH3COOH)2Mg + H2
tự cân bằng nha ^-^
2FeS2+6O2-->Fe2O3+4SO2
2SO2+O2-->2SO3(V2O5,to)
SO3+H2O-->H2SO4
b)2Na+2H2O-->2NaOH+H2
2NaOH+H2SO4-->Na2SO4+2H2O
Na2SO4+Ba(OH)2-->BaSO4+2NaOH
2NaOH+CO2-->Na2CO3+H2O
Na2CO3+2HCl-->2NaCl+H2O+CO2
NaCl+AgNO3-->NaNO3+AgCl
C)
4Al+3O2-->2AL2O3
Al2O3+3H2SO4-->Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
Al2(SO4)3+3Ba(OH)2-->3BaSO4+2Al(OH)3
Al(OH)3+NaOH-->NaAlO2+H2O
NaALO2+H2O+CO2-->Al(OH)3+NaHCO3
Al(OH)3+HCl-->AlCl3+H2O
AlCl3+AgNO3-->Al(NO3)3+AgCl
a) 2FeS2 +11/2O2-----> 4SO2 +Fe2O3
2SO2+O2------> 2SO3
SO3+H2O----- -> H2SO4.
b) 2Na +2H2O-----> 2NaOH+H2
2NaOH+H2SO4----> Na2SO4 +2H2O
Na2SO4+Ba(OH)2----> NaOH +BaSO4
2NaOH+CO2----> Na2CO3+H2O
Na2CO3+2HCl----> 2NaCl+H2O+CO2
NaCl+AgNO3--->NaNO3+AgCl
c) 4Al+3O2--- -> 2Al2O3
Al2O3+3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
Al2(SO4)3+6NaOH-> 2Al(OH)3+3Na2SO4
Al(OH)2+NaOH ----> NaAlO2+2H2O
NaAlO2+2H2O+CO2----> Al(OH)3 +NaHCO3
Al(OH)3+3NaOH----> AlCl3+3NaOH
Alcl3+3AgNO3---> Al(NO3)3+3NaCl
Bài 1: 4Na+O2->2Na2O
(2): Na2O +H2O -> 2NaOH
(3): 2NaOH + BaCl2-> 2NaCl + Ba(OH)2
(4): NaCl + AgNO3-> AgCl + NaNO3
phần 2:
(1) 2NaOH + CO2-> Na2CO3 + H2O
(2) Na2CO3 +CaCl2- > CaCO3 + 2NaCl
(3) CaCO3-t0-> CaO + CO2
(4) CaO +H2O -> Ca(OH)2
(5) Ca(OH)2 + BaCl2-> Ba(OH)2 + CaCl2
Bài 1:
1) 4Na + O2 --to--➢ 2Na2O
Na2O + H2O → 2NaOH
2NaOH + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O
NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl
2) 2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O
Na2CO3 + CaCl2 → 2NaCl + CaCO3
CaCO3 --to--➢ CaO + CO2
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O