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Change into passive
1. They will hold the meeting before May Day.
------->The meeting ......will be held before May Day......
2. Somebody has taken some of my books away
--------> Some of my books have been taken by somebody............
3. They have to repair the engine of the car.
-------> The engine of the car ....HAS TO BE REPAIRED.......
4. They may use this room for the classroom.
---------->This room .......MAY BE USED FOR THE CLASSROOM........
5. The teacher is going to tell a story.
------------A story IS GOING TO BE TOLD BY THE TEACHER...........
6. John used to visit his parents at weekends.
----------> His parents ....USED TO BE VISITED BY JOHN AT WEEKENDS.........
7. They use milk for making butter and cheese.
-------->Milk clothing. ..IS USED FOR MAKING BUTTER AND CHEESE..........
8. They have provided the victims with food and clothing
-----> The victims ......HAVE BEEN PROVIDED WITH FOOD AND CLOTHING......
9 . People speak English in most every corner of the world .
------>. English ...IS SPOKEN IN MOST EVERY CORNER OF THE WORLD.........
10. The students are writing the lesons now .
------> The lesson IS BEING WRITTEN BY THE STUDENTS NOW.
11. Her teacher taught her how to apply this theory
------>She .WAS TAUGHT HOW TO APPLY THIS THEORY BY HER TEACHER.............
12. Someone will tell him that news.
------> he ......WILL BE TOLD THAT NEWS BY SOMEONE....
EXERCISE: Complete the sentences with "for" or "since":
1. We haven't heard from them ___FOR______ ages
2. They waited for you _____FOR____ two days
3. They haven't met him ____SINCE_____ he left the room
4. We have bought the new car ___SINCE_____ 1999
5. Haven't you seen him _____SINCE_______ Christmas?
6. It was not rained ____SINCE______ May
7. I haven't written to him _______FOR_ five months.
8. She has spoken to them _____SINCE__ this morning
9. We have listened to music __SINCE______ 8a.m
10. The house been built _____SINCE_____ last year
EXERCISE: Use simple past or present perfect to complete the following sentences:
1. Her English ( improve) ______HAS IMPROVED_____ recently
2. How many pages _____HAVE YOU READ____ you (read) _________ so far?
3. We (finish)____FINISHED____ our homework two hour ago
4. __________ you(be)__________ to Rome? HAVE YOU BEEN
5. I (see)____________ him several times on TV HAVE SEEN
6. What _______you (do)__________ last night? DID YOU DO
7. This is the first time I (visit)______ the city HAVE VISITED
8. They (buy)__________ the garden some days ago. BOUGHT
9. I (learn)________ English since I (be)__________ 11 years old HAVE LEARNT/ WAS
10. Be careful! I (just clean)________ the floor HAVE JUST CLEANED
11. The meal (already be)___HAS ALREADY BEEN____ ready
12. I ( never read)________ an interesting story like this before HAVE NEVER READ
EXERCISE : Rewrite the following sentences with the words given
l. Minh last wrote to his pen al five months ago
-> Minh hasn't WRITTEN TO HIS PENPAL FOR 5 MONTHS.
2. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago
-> I haven't VISITED KUALA LUMPUR FOR 3 YEARS.
3. When did you study English?
-> How long HAVE YOU STUDIED ENGLISH ?
4. They began building this house 2 months ago
->They have BUILT THIS HOUSE FOR 2 MONTHS.
5. My father started to work in this factory last week
-> My father has WORKED IN THIS FACTORY SINCE LAST WEEK.
6. How long has he worked in the garden?
->When DID HE BEGIN TO WORK IN THE GARDEN ?
7. How long ago did you learn music?
-> How long have YOU LEARNT MUSIC ?
8. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
-> He has LIVED IN HCM CITY SINCE HE WAS 8.
9. He learnt English when he was 18
-> He has..LEARNT ENGLISH SINCE HE WAS 18.
10. They have worked in that factory for five years
-> They began WORKING IN THAT FACTORY 5 YEARS AGO.
ll. My father stopped smoking two years ago
-> My father hasn't SMOKED FOR 2 YEARS.
12. We have learnt English for four years.
-> We started. LEARNING ENGLISH 4 YEARS AGO.
13 My father started to give up smoking last year
-> My father has GIVEN UP SMOKING SINCE LAST YEAR.
14. They have worked in that factory since 2001
-> They started. WORKING IN THAT FACTORY IN 2001.
15. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
-> Lan didn't...WRITE TO MARYAM A MONTH AGO...
16. He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12.
-> He started. LIVING IN HA NOI WHEN HE WAS 12.
17. I haven't met her for a long time.
-> I didn't. MEET HER A LONG TIME AGO.
18. How long have you leamt French ?
-> How long ago DID YOU LEARN FRENCH ?
19. How long have you bought this car -> When did YOU BUY THIS CAR ?
20. When did you start to listen to classical music ?
->How long HAVE YOU LISTENED TO CLASSICAL MUSIC ?
21. I saw her 10 years ago.
-> I haven't SEEN HER FOR 10 YEARS.
EXERCISE : Rewrite the following sentences with the words given
l. Minh last wrote to his pen al five months ago
-> Minh hasn't written to his pen pal for five months
2. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago
-> I haven't visited Kuala Lumpur for 3 years
3. When did you study English?
-> How long have you studied English
4. They began building this house 2 months ago
->They have built this house for 2 months
5. My father started to work in this factory last week
-> My father has worked in this factory since last week
6. How long has he worked in the garden?
->When did he work in the garden?
7. How long ago did you learn music?
-> How long have you learnt music ?
8. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
-> He has lived in Ho Chi Minh City since he was 8
9. He learnt English when he was 18
-> He has...learnt English since he was 18
10. They have worked in that factory for five years
-> They began to smoke in that factory five years ago
ll. My father stopped smoking two years ago
-> My father hasn't smoked for two years
12. We have learnt English for four years.
-> We started. to learn English four years ago
13 My father started to give up smoking last year
-> My father has given up smoking since last year
14. They have worked in that factory since 2001
-> They started. to work in that factory in 2001
15. Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a month.
-> Lan didn't...write to Maryam a month ago..
16. He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12.
-> He started.to live in Ha Noi when he was 12
17. I haven't met her for a long time.
-> I didn't. meet her a long time ago
18. How long have you leamt French ?
-> How long ago did you learn French?
19. How long have you bought this car -> When did you buy this car?
20. When did you start to listen to classical music ?
->How long have you listened to classical music?
21. I saw her 10 years ago.
-> I haven't seen her for 10 years
Quá khứ & hiện tại hoàn thành
1.When did you start learning English?
-->How long_____have you learnt English?____
2.How long is it since you began to play for manchester team?
-->When__did you play for manchester team ?_______
3.When did mary go shopping with my aunt?
-->How long is it____since mary last went shopping with my aunt ? __
4.How long have you worked for ABC bank?
-->How long ago____did you work for abc bank?__
5.When did you begin to play for the school soccer team?
-->How long____have you played for the school soccer team ?__
6.How long have they worked this kind of job?
-->When___did they work this kind of job?___
7.How long ago did you last see peter?
-->How long is it__since you last saw peter?__
8.When did he begin to teach English at this school?
-->How long__has he taught English at this school?__
9.How long have they got engaged?
-->When___did they get engaged?__
10.When did your family start to live in the city?
-->How long____has your family lived in the city?___
11.We haven't eaten this kind of food before.
--> This is the first time.I have eaten this kind of food....
12.this is the firs time i have gone to Vung Tau.
-->I have never..gone to Vung Tau before...
13.This is his firs travel to HCM city.
-->This is the first time..he has travelled to HCM city..
14.This is the firs time we have tasted such delicious food.
-->We have never..tasted such delicious food before..
15.I have never written a letter to a foreigner before.
-->It is the first time..I have written a lettter to a foreigner .
16.This is the firs time she has attended the club.
-->She has never..attended the club before..
17.My sister has not come to Peter's house before.
-->This is the first time..my sister has come to Peter's house.
18.I have never seen a dirtier-looking dog before.
-->This is the first.time I have seen a dirtier-looking dog..
19.This is the first time we haven't tasted such delicious food
-->We haven't.tasted such delicious food before..
20.This is the first time I have written such a long letter.
-->I have never...written such a long letter..
1)Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997.
->Samuel has kept a diary since 1997.
2)We started learning English five years ago.
->We have learned English for fìve years
3)I began living in Ho Chi Minh city when I was 8.
->I have lived in Ho Chi Minh City since I was 8.
4)She has taught the children in this remote village for five months.
->She started teaching the children in this remote village five months ago
5)She hasn't had a swim for five years.
->She last hadn't had a swim five years ago
6)He hasn't written to me since April.
->The last time he wrote to me was 8 months ago
7)They last talked to each other two months ago.
->They haven't talked to each other for two months
8)The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999.
-> She hasn't seen her elder sister since 1999.
9)She hasn't written to me for years.
->It's years since she didn't write to me
10)Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years.
->It's ten years since Robert and Catherine had married
11)It's two weeks since they cleaned their room.
-> They have cleaned their room for two weeks
12)It's over six months since John had his haircut.
->John has had his hair cut for over six months
13)How long is it since you rode a bicycle?
->When did you write a bike?
14)How long is it since he wrote to me?
->When did he last write to me?
15)When did he last talk to you?
->How long is it since he talked to you?
17)We have never eaten this kind of food before.
->It's the first time I have eaten that kind of food
18)This is the first time I have seen this film.
->I have never seen this film
19)John began playing the piano ten years ago.
->John has played the piano for ten years
1/Samel has kept a diary since 1997
2/we have learnt english for 5 years
3/i have lived in HCMcity since i was 8
4/she started teaching the childrenin this remote village 5 months ago
5/she last wrote 5 years ago
6/the last time he wrote wasApril ago
7/they havent talken for 2 months
8/they havent seen her elder sister since 1999
9/it is years since she last wrote to me
10/it's ten years since Robert and Catherine married
11/they have cleaned their room for 2 weeks
12/John has jised hair cutfor over 6 moths
13/when did you last ride a bycle
14/when did he last write to me
15/how long is it since he talken to you
16/how long is it since you telephoneed him
17/it is the first time i have eatten this kind of food
18/i have never seen this film before
19/John has played the piano for 10 years
20/he started giving up smoke i2 months ago
6. Mrs. Quyen taught the mute but she doesn't do it anymore.
-> Mrs. Quyen used to teach the mute.
7. Join is always late for class. Thí annoys the teacher (Which)
-> Join is always late for class, which annoys the teacher.
8. Braille is a reading system for people who are unable to see (blind)
-> Braille is a reading system for the blind.
9. A scholar has translated that novel into Vietnamese
-> That novel has been translated into Vietnamese by a scholar.
10. He started working as an engineer 5 years ago.
-> He has worked as an engineer for 5 years.
11. I bought a cell phone. I can use it to send and receive email ( Which )
I bought a cell phone which is used to send and receive email.
12. The man is a computer expert. You are talking to him ( Who )
You are talking to the man who is a computer expert.
13. We plan to study oversea in America
-> We are going to study oversea in America.
14. You can believe on me to win that game
-> I promise you will win that game.
15. They are going to hold next year's congress in San Francisco ( Next year's congress )
Next year's congress is going to be held in San Francisco.
16. Will you lend me your car? (Would you mind)
Would you mind if I lent your car?
17. How long is it since they bought the house ( When )
=> When did they started buying the house?
18. He started to play the guitar five years ago
-> He has played the guitar for five years.
19. I won't swim in the sea because it is too cold
-> The sea is not hot enough for me to swim.
20. The last time I saw him was in 2001
-> I haven't seen him since 2001.
21. They don't live in Longdon anymore
-> They used to live in London.
22. I am really happy to take you to the airport in my car
-> I don't mind taking you to the airport in my car
23. Remember to put on your coat when you go out
-> Don't forget to put on your coat when you go out.
24. How long have you been learning English?
-> When did you started learning English?
25. I always read books when I have time. It's my preasure.
-> I always enjoy reading book in my free time.
26. It's nearly twenty years since my father last saw his brother
-> My father has not seen his brother for nearly twenty years.
27. Athough she is an accountant, she never seems to have any money
-> In spite of being an accountant, she never seems to have any money.
28 She failed the final exam because she was lazy (bacause of)
=> Because of her laziness, she failed the final exam.
6. Mrs. Quyen taught the mute but she doesn't do it anymore.
-> Mrs. Quyen used to teach the mute
7. Join is always late for class. This annoys the teacher (Which)
-> John is always late for class, which annoys his teacher.
Sorry mik bận rồi
1. My sister used to be the best singer when the was young
-> Now my sister is no longer the best singer / isn't the best singer.
2. My aunt used to live in Ha Noi 3 years ago
-> Now my aunt dosen't live in Ha Noi.
3. You must pay attention to the lesson or you won't understand it.
-> If you don't pay attention to the lesson, you won't understand it.
4. You are always making noise
-> I wish you weren't always making noise.
5. Read many kind of books and you'll widen your knowledge
-> If you read many kind of books, you will widen your knowledge.
6. " Do you like learning English "
-> The examiner asked me if/whether I liked learning English.
7. Mrs.Green stopped working as a TV presenter in 2010
-> Mrs.Green has not been working as a Tv presenter since 2010.
8 He said to me," What language can you speak ?"
-> He asked her what language she could speak.
9. " I hope it will rain tomorrow" The farmer said
-> The farmer said that he hoped it would rain the next/ following day.
10. They are going to celebrate their wedding anniversary next Sunday
-> Their wedding anniversary is going to be celebrated next Sunday.
I.Rewrite these sentences. Use the cues.
1.He is a careful driver-> He can..drive carefully...
2.She speak English fast.-> She is..a fast E speaker..
3.''What are you doing?'' the teacher said to Tam.-> The teacher asked..Tam what she was doing.
4."This picture is very nice." my uncle said.-> My uncle said...that that picture was very nice....
5.They have believed that he composed this piece of music.-> He has.believed to have composed this piece of music..
6."Go playing soccer" my friend said.-> My friend suggested.going playing soccer....
7.Mrs.Ha doesn't get much money, she can't afford to buy a new motorbike.-> If Mrs.Ha...got much money,she could afford to buy a new motorbike.
8.''Don't drive too fast" my parents said.-> My parents told to us not to drive too fast....
9."Will you be free tomorrow ?" She said to me.-> She asked me..if i would be free the next day.
10.She asked me why I was learning English.->"Why..are you learning E...?" she said to me.
I.Rewrite these sentences. Use the cues.
1.He is a careful driver-> He can..drive carefully...
2.She speak English fast.-> She is..a fast E speaker..
3.''What are you doing?'' the teacher said to Tam.-> The teacher asked.Tam what she was doing..
4."This picture is very nice." my uncle said.-> My uncle said..that that picture was very nice.....
5.They have believed that he composed this piece of music.-> He has.been believed to have composed this piece of music..
6."Go playing soccer" my friend said.-> My friend suggested..going playing soccer...
7.Mrs.Ha doesn't get much money, she can't afford to buy a new motorbike.-> If Mrs.Ha..got much money, she could afford to buy a new motorbike..
8.''Don't drive too fast" my parents said.-> My parents told us..not to drive too fast..
9."Will you be free tomorrow ?" She said to me.-> She asked me.if I would be free the next day..
10.She asked me why I was learning English.->"Why. are you learning E.....?" she said to me.
1, We last met our neighbors 6 years ago.
-> We have not met our neighbors for 6 years.
2, Lan did not write to her parents a month ago.
-> Lan has not written to her her parents for a month.
3, When did you start to listen to classical music?
-> How long have you listened to classical music?
4, He started to live in Hanoi when he was 12.
-> He has lived in Hanoi since he was 12.
5, He often made a birthday cake for me.
-> He used to make a birthday cake for me.
6, It's a pity he can not come to the party.
-> I wish he could come to the party.
7, They learn English all over the world.
-> English is learnt all over the world.
8, You must do this work right away.
-> This work right away must be done (by you)
9, Lan is interested in listening to pop music.
-> Lan enjoys listening to pop music.
10, " I am having a wonderful time here " said Nga.
-> Nga said she was having a wonderful time there.
11, " Why don't you go with me now ?"
-> She asked me why I didn't go with her then.
1, We last met our neighbors 6 years ago.
-> We have not met our neighbors since last 6 years ago.
2, Lan did not write to her parents a month ago.
-> Lan has not written to her parents last a month.
3, When did you start to listen to classical music?
-> How long have you listened to classical ?
4, He started to live in Hanoi when he was 12.
-> He has lived in Hanoi since he was 12.
5, He often made a birthday cake for me.
-> He used to make a birthday cake for me.
6, It's a pity he can not come to the party.
-> I wish he could come to the party.
7, They learn English all over the world.
-> English is learnt all over the world.
8, You must do this work right away.
-> This work right away must be done by you.
9, Lan is interested in listening to pop music.
-> Lan enjoys listening to pop music.
= Lan enjoys pop music.
10, " I am having a wonderful time here " said Nga.
-> Nga said that she was having a woderful time there.
11, " Why don't you go with me now ?"
-> She asked me why I didn't go with her then.
1. He began to give up smoking last year.
-> He has..not smoked since last year.
2. They began to live in Ho Chi Minh City in 2000.
-> They have.lived in HCM City snce 2000..
3. He started to learn how to play the piano in 2005.
-> He has..learnt how to play the piano since 2005.
4. When did you start learning English?
-> How long..have you learnt English?.
5. How long have you learnt English?
-> When.did you start learning English?..
6. When did you first know Maryam?
-> How long is it since you first knew Maryam?
7. When did people first use the telephone?
-> How long is..it since people first used telephone?.
8. When did you start saving money?
-> How long..have you saved money?.
9. The last time i wrote to her was 2 years ago.
-> I haven’t..written to her for 2 years.
10. It hasn’t rained for 2 months.
-> The last time.it rained was 2 months ago..
11. I last talked to her in 2004.
-> I haven’t..talked to her since 2004.
12. It has been a long time since Lan lelf her school.
-> Lan..has left her school for a long time.
13. He hasn’t written to me for 2 months.
-> it has been.2 months since he last wrote to me..
14. She last heard that song three years ago.
-> It’s three.years since she last heard that song..
15. It’s 2 years since I saw her.
-> I haven’t..seen her for 2 years.
16. It’s ten years since Nam stopped playing the piano.
-> Nam hasn’t..played piano for 10 years.
17. Mary was last seen 20 minutes ago.
-> Mary hasn’t..been seen for 20 minutes.
18. The last time I saw David was in 1995.
-> I haven’t.seen David since 1995..
1. My teacher always encourages me to speak in public, so my spoken English is better ( courage)
2. Rencently health foods and energy drinks have increased in popularity ( popular)
3. Advertisements may be leaflets, brochures or commercials ( commerce)
4. Tuoi Tre , Thanh Nien and Sai Gon Giai Phong are daily newspapers ( paper)
5. They led a peaceful life in the countryside ( peace)
6. The inexperienced doctor has just graduated from the medical school ( experience)
7. When did you start learning English?
-> How long is it since you started learning Eng ?
8. Mary never used to win this tournament
-> This tournament never used to be won by Mary
9. Emma started learning to dance when she was 6 years old
-> Emma has learnt to dance since she was 6 years old
10. Ba said to Mai: " Would you like to dance?"
-> Ba offered to dance with Mai