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complete the sentences, using a relative pronoun
1. The pub is opposite the Town Hall. I first met my wife there
=>The pub where i first met my wife is opposite the Town Hall
2. He was sitting on a chair. It was uncomfortable
=>A chair which he was sitting on was uncomfortable
3. He smokes cigarettes. They are very strong
=>He smokes Cigarettes which are very strong
4. Let me see the pictures. You took them at Peter's wedding
=>Let me see the pictures which you tokk at Peter's wedding
5. Some people only think about money. I don't like them
=>Some people only think about money whom i don't like
6. Do you know that lady? I repaired her car
=>Do you know that lady whose car i repaired
7. That girl is Swedish. Tom is in love with her
=>That girl is Swedish whom Tom is in love with
8. John has bought a house. There are ghosts in that house
=>John has bought a house where there are ghosts
9. Some people drive drunk. I never travel with them
=>Some people drive drunk whom i never travel with
10. A man stole £10,000 from a bank. The police have caught him
=>A man whom the police have caught stole £10,000 from a bank.
11. I bought bananas this morning. I have lost them
=>i have lost lost bananas which i bought this morning
1 You sent me a present. Thank you very much for it. (Thank you very much/or...)
Thank you very much for present which you sent me
2 She was dancing with a student. He had a slight limp. (two ways)
She was dancing with a student who had a slight limp.
3 I am looking after some children. They are terribly spoilt, (two ways)
I am looking after some children who are terribly spoilt
4 The bed has no mattress. I sleep on this bed. (The bed 1. . .)
The bad, which i sleep on, has no matter.
5 Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents hated each other.
Romeo and Juliet, whose parents hated each other , were lovers.
6 There wasn't any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box.
I was phoning from the bọx which was no drecting in.
7 This is Mrs Jones. Her son won the championship last year.
This is Mrs Jones whose son won the championship last year.
8 I was sitting in a chair. It suddenly collapsed. (The chair . . .)
I was sitting in a chair which suddenly collapsed.
9 Mr Smith said he was too busy to speak to me. I had come specially to see him.
I had comespecially to see Mr. Smith, who was too busy to speak to me.
10 The man was sitting at the desk. I had come to see this man.
The man, whom I had come to see, was sitting at the desk.
11 I missed the train. I usually catch this train. And I had to travel on the next. This was a slow train. (Make into one sentence.)
I missed the train, which I usually catch. And I had to travel on the next train which was very slow.
12 His girl friend turned out to be an enemy spy. He trusted her absolutely.
His girl friend whom he trusted absolutely turned out to be enemy spy.
13 The car had bad brakes. We were in this car. And The man didn't know the way. This man was driving. (Make into one sentence.)
We were in this car which had had brakes and the man who was driving didn't know the way.
14 This is the story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
This is the story of a man whose wife suddenly loses her memory
15 We'll have to get across the frontier. This will be difficult.
We'll have to get across the frontier, which will be difficult
16 A man brought in a small girl. Her hand had been cut by flying glass.
A man brought in a small girl whose hand had been cut by flying glass
17 The car crashed into a queue of people. Four of them were killed.
The car crashed into a queue of people, four of whom were killed
18 The roads were crowded with refugees. Many of them were wounded.
The roads were crowded with refugees, many of whom were wounded
19 I was waiting for a man. He didn't turn up. (The man. . .)
The man for whom i was waiting didn't turn up
20 Tom came to the party in patched jeans. This surprised the other guests. Most of the other guests were wearing evening dress.
Tom came to the party in patched jeans, which surprised the other guests, most of whom were wearing evening dress
21 The firm is sending me to York. I work for this firm. (The firm. . .)
The firm which i work for is sending me to York
22 The Smiths were given rooms in the hotel. Their house had been destroyed in the explosion.
The Smiths, whose house had been destroyed in the explosion, were given room in the hotel.
23 I saw several houses. Most of them were quite unsuitable.
I saw several houses, most of which were quite unsuitable.
24 He wanted to come at 2 a.m. This didn't suit me at all.
He wanted to come at 2 a.m, which didn’t suit me at all.
25 This is a story of a group of boys. Their plane crashed on an uninhabited island.
This is a story a group of boys whose plane crashed on a uninhabited island.
V/ Combine the following pairs of sentences, using a preposition with a relative pronoun.
1. That’s the man. I got the bag from him yesterday.
That’s the man whom I got the bag fromyesterday.
2. Economics is a subject. I am very interested in it.
Economics is a subject which I am very interested in
3. This is Joanna. I gave my notes to her.
This is Joanna whom I gave my notes to
4. The friend spoke French. Tim was travelling with him.
The friend whom Tim was travelling with spoke French
5. The ladder began to slip. Tom was standing on it.
The ladder which Tom was standing on began to slip
6. This is the city. I was born in this city.
This is the city where I was born
7. Paul is fitter than you. I play tennis with him on weekends.
Paul whom I play tennis with on weekends is fitter than you
8. The woman said the machine was very good. Jim bought the machine from her.
The woman whom Jim bought the machine from said the machine was very good.
9. The chair is in bad shape. You are sitting on it.
The chair which You are sitting on is in bad shape
V/ Combine the following pairs of sentences, using a preposition with a relative pronoun.
1. That’s the man. I got the bag from him yesterday.
=> That's the man from whom I got the bag yesterday.
2. Economics is a subject. I am very interested in it.
=> Economics is a subject which I am very interested in.
3. This is Joanna. I gave my notes to her.
=> This is Joanna, whom I gave my notes to.
4. The friend spoke French. Tim was travelling with him.
=> The friend, with whom Tim was travelling, spoke French.
5. The ladder began to slip. Tom was standing on it.
=> The ladder, on which Tom was standing, began to slip.
6. This is the city. I was born in this city.
=> This is the city where I was born.
7. Paul is fitter than you. I play tennis with him on weekends.
=> Paul, with whom I play tennis on weekends, is fitter than you.
8. The woman said the machine was very good. Jim bought the machine from her.
=> The woman, whom Jim bought the machine from, said the machine was very good.
9. The chair is in bad shape. You are sitting on it.
=> The chair, on which where you are sitting, is in bad shape.
exercise on relative clause
Ex1 combine these questions sentences using: that, which, who, whom or whose
6. They are the children . Their team won the match .
=> They are the children whose team won the match.
7. The house is for sale . It has the green shutters .
=> The house which has the green shutters is for sale.
8. My farther bought a motorbike . The motorbike costs 2 thousand dollars.
=> My father bought a motorbike which costs 2 thousand dollars
9. They are the postcards . I sent them from Australia.
=> They are the postcards which I sent from Astralia.
10. The house has been built in the forest . It doesn’t have electricity
=> The house which doesn't have electricity has been built in the forest.
11. The girl chatted with him yesterday . She arrived here at 6 : 30.
=> The girl who arrived here at 6:30 chatted with him yesterday.
12. I’m reading the book . I bought it in London in 1996 .
=> I'm reading the book which I bought in London in 1996.
13. Trang couldn’t come to the party . This was perfectly true.
=>Trang couldn't come to the party which was perfectly true.
14. Do you know the girl ? Tom is talking to the girl.
=> Do you know the girl whom Tom is talking to?
15. Tuan speaks English very well . He comes from Vietnam.
=>Tuan, who comes from Vietnam, speaks English very well.
COMBINE THESE SENTENCES BY USING RELATIVE PRONOUN:
1. Chinese people have a very special kind of soup. This kind of soup is made from shark's fin.
=> Chinese people have a very special kind of soup which is made from shark's fin.
2. A lot of fish died everyday. They live in the polluted sea.
=> A lot of fish which live in the polluted sea, died everyday.
3. We have a new teacher. I really like her.
=> We have a new teacher who I really like.
4. Many people get sick or die every year. These people eat puffer fish, a very poisonous species.
=> Many people who eat puffer fish, a very poisonous species, get sick or die every year.
5. She'll tell you the story. That story will surprise you.
=> She'll tell you the story which will surprise you.
6.The most beautiful park is opposite my house. It has a lot of big trees.
=> The most beautiful park where has a lot of big trees, is opposite my house.
7.Peter is studying French and German. He has been abroad.
=> Peter who has been abroad, is studying French and German.
8. You've all met Michael Wood. He is visiting us for a couple of days.
=> You're all met Michael Wood who is visiting us for a couple of days.
9. We are moving to Manchester is the north west.
=> We are moving to Manchester where is the north west.
10. I'll stay with Adrian. His brother is one of my closet friends.
=> I’ll stay with Adrian whose brother is one of my closet friends.
11. The Earth is a planet. It can support life.
=> The Earth which can support life, is a planet.
12. The book is about the girl. She runs away from home.
=> The book is about the girl who runs away from home.
13. The picture was very beautiful. She was looking at it.
=> The picture which she was looking at, was very beautiful.
14. The woman teaches me English. You are listening to her.
=> The woman who you are listening to, teaches me English.
15. Do you know the woman? Who is coming toward us?
=> Do you know the woman who is coming toward us?
16. The fence is made from wood. It surrounds our house.
=> The fence which surounds our house, is made from wood.
17. The first person is Mr.Smith. We must see him.
=> The first person who we must see, is Mr.Smith.
18. Tet is a big occasion. The member of family gather on this occasion.
=> Tet which the member of family gather on, is a big occasion.
19. New York is a famous city. Everybody want to live in this city.
=> New York where everybody want to live in, is a famous city.
20. Trinh Cong Son composed songs. They are greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.
=> Trinh Cong Son composed songs which are greatly liked by millions of Vietnamese people.
Complete the sentences, using a relative pronoun
1. The young man is talking to our teacher. He is Ba's brother
=>The young man who is Ba's brother is talking to our teacher.
2. We visited the monument. It was built a hundred years ago
=>We visited the monument which was built a hundred years ago
3. The boys are interested in football. It is a popular game over the world
=>The boys are interested in football which is a popular game over the world
4. The boy gave his parents big hugs before he left. He went abroad to study
=>The boy who went abroad to study gave his parents big hugs before he left.
5. My friends had so much fun at the festival. They wanted to go there again
=>My friends had so much fun at the festival who wanted to go there again
6. Children like to eat ice cream. It can cause toothache
=>Children like to eat ice cream which can cause toothache
7. We bought a car last week. The car is blue
=>The car...which is blue we bought last week...
8. The girl is a singer. We met her at the party
=>The girl..whom we met at the party is a singer.....
9. The bananas are on the table. George bought them
=>The bananas....which George bought are on the table .
10. We watched a film last night. It was really scary
=>The film..which we watched last night was really scary...
11. I have to learn new words. They are very difficult
=>The new words..which i have to learn are very difficult...
12. The pen is on the desk. It is blue
=>The pen..which is blue is on the desk...
13. This is the new president. We all voted for him
=>This is..the new president for whomWe all voted
14. I met a Finnish tourist. He lives in Helsinki
=>The Finnish....whom i met lives in Helsinki .
15. I know the man. He is going to marry my friend
=>I know the man who is going to marry my friend
16. John bought a new DVD player. It was made in Korea
=>The new...DVD player which John bought was made in Korea..
17. The palace stands outside the town. It was built years ago
=>The palace stands outside the town which was built years ago
18. I have one black cat. His name is Blacky
=> I have...one black cat whose name is Blacky..
Gấp!!!
Complete the sentences, using a relative pronoun
1. The young man is talking to our teacher. He is Ba's brother
=>The young man who is Ba's brother is talking to our teacher .
2. We visited the monument. It was built a hundred years ago
=>We visited the monument which was built a hundred years ago
3. The boys are interested in football. It is a popular game over the world
=> The boys are intered in footbal which is a popular game over the world .
4. The boy gave his parents big hugs before he left. He went abroad to study
=> The boy who went abroad to study gave his parents big hugs before he left
5. My friends had so much fun at the festival. They wanted to go there again
=>
6. Children like to eat ice cream. It can cause toothache
=>Children like to eat ice cream which can cause toothache
Exercise 3. Write the sentences in another way, beginning as shown.
1. Someone reported that the situation was under control.
The situation was reported to have been under control.
2. It is said that she works 16 hours a day.
She is said to work 16 hours a day.
3. Someone thinks that the company is planning a new advertising campaign.
The company is thought to be planning a new advertising campaign.
4. Everyone expects that the soap opera will end next year.
The soap opera is expected to end next year.
5. It is alleged that the man drove through the town at 90 miles an hour.
The man is alleged to have driven through the town at 90 miles an hour.
6. Someone reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.
The President was reported to have suffered a heart attack.
7. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over a wall.
The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over a wall.
8. It is reported that the buildings have been badly damaged by fire.
The buildings are reported to have been badly damaged by fire.
9. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods.
Many people are reported to be homeless after the floods.
10. We all expected Marta would pass her driving test.
it was expected that Marta would pass her driving test.
11. People believe that he was killed by terrorists.
He is believed to have been killed by terrorists.
12. We knew that you were in town on the night of the crime.
You were known to have been in town on the night of the crime.
13. Journalists supposed that the footballer Wayne Johnson was earning £10 million a year.
The footballer Wayne Johnson was supposed to have been earning £10 million a year by Journalists
14. It is said that there is a secret tunnel between those two houses.
There is said to be a secret tunnel between those two houses.
15. We know that they lives in a small flat on the fifth floor.
They are known to live in a small flat on the fifth floor.
16. Lots of people believe that the Prime Minister and his wife have separated.
The Prime Minister and his wife are believed to have separated.
17. It is believed that the boy is wearing a white pullover and blue jeans.
The boy is believed to be wearing a white pullover and blue jeans.
18. Everyone expects that the hostages will be released soon.
The hostages are expected to be released soon.
19. It is reported that two people were injured in the explosion.
Two people are reported to have been injured in the explosion.
20. They say exercise is good for health.
Exercise is said to be good for health.
Exercise 6. Use the words in brackets to complete the sentence. Use the structure have some¬thing done.
1. We ___are painting the house__ (the house/ paint) at the moment.
2. I lost my key. I’ll have to __make another key___ (another key/ make).
3. When was the last time you __had your hair cut___ (your hair/ cut)?
4. You look different. ; __have you had your hair cut___ (you/ your hair/ cut)?
5. _is a newspaper delivered____ (you/ a newspaper/ deliver) to your house or do you go to the shop to buy one?
6. A: Can I see the photos you took when you were on holiday?
B: I’m afraid I ___haven't developed the film__ (not/ the film/ develop) yet.
7. A: What are those workmen doing in your garden?
B: Oh, we ___are building a swimming pool__ (a swimming pool/ build).
8. This coat is dirty. I must __clean it___ (it/ clean).
9. If you want to wear earrings, why don’t you ___pierce your ears__ (your ears/ pierce)?
10. A: My car has been serviced recently.
B: How often __do you have your car serviced ___ (.you/ your car/ service)?
Exercise 7. Choose the correct answer.
1. We can’t go along here because the road _____.
a. is repairing b. is repaired c. is being repaired d. repaires
2. The story I’ve just read _____ Agatha Christie.
a. was written b. was written by c. was written from d. wrote by
3. Why don’t you have your brother _____ the roof?
a repairs b. repair c. repaired d. to repair
4. The man died because medical help was not summoned. A doctor should _____.
a. be have called b. been called c. be called d. have been called
5. Something funny _____ in class yesterday.
a. happened b. was happened c. happens d. is happened
6. Many US automobiles _____ in Detroit, Michigan.
a. manufacture b. have manufactured
c. are manufactured d. are manufacturing
7. A lot of pesticide residue can _____ on unwashed produce.
a. find b. found c. be finding d. be found
8. We _____ by a loud noise during the night.
a. woke up b. are woken up c. were woken up d. were waking up
9. How did that window _____? ~ I don’t know.
a. get broken b. broke c. got broken d. broken
10. Some film stars _____ difficult to work with.
a. are said be b. are said to be c. say to be d. said to be
11. Last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It _____ everything in its path.
a. destroyed b. was destroyed
c. was being destroyed d. has been destroyed
12. Vitamin C _____ by the human body. It gets into blood stream quickly.
a. absorbs easily b. is easily absorbing
c. is easily absorbed d. absorbed easily
13. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? I don’t enjoy _____ at.
a. be laughed b. to be laughed c. laughing d. being laughed
14. John _____ last week.
a. had his house painted b. had painted his house
c. had his father to paint d. had his house paint
15. Today, many serious childhood diseases _____ by early immunization.
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
16. ‘_____ about the eight o’clock flight to Chicago?’ ‘Not yet.’
a. Has been an announcement made b. Has an announcement made
c. Has an announcement been made d. Has been made an announcement
17. ‘Has the commitee made its decision yet?’
‘Not yet. They are still _____ the proposal.’
a. considering b. been considered c. being considered d. considered
18. I might watch this programme. It _____ very funny.
a. supposes to be b. is supposed being
c. is supposed to be d. was supposed be
19. Do you get your heating _____ every year?
a. checking b. check c. be checked d. checked
20. Claude Jennings is said _____ his memory.
a to have been lost b. to be lost
c. to have lost d. to lose
Exercise 1. Put these sentences into the passive voice.
1. Should they help Jane with the sewing?
Should Jane be helped with the sewing?
2. The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car.
Judy’s car is being repaired by the mechanic
3. Must we finish the test before ten?
Must the test finished before ten?
4. They use a computer to do that job nowadays.
a computer is used to do that job nowadays.
5. Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course.
all travel expenses for this training course must be paid by employers
6. Did her story take them in?
were they taken in by her story
7. The bank manager kept me for half an hour.
i was kept by the bank manager for half an hour.
8. Has he spelt this word wrongly
has this word been spelt wrongly?
9. All his friends will see him off at the airport.
he will be seen off at the airport by all his friends
10. They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago.
beer used to be drunk for breakfast in England years ago.
11. Someone might have sent the letter to the wrong address.
the letter might have been sent to the wrong address.
12. They were cleaning the floor when I arrived.
the floor was being cleaned when I arrived.
13. They are digging the hole on the wrong side of the road.
the hole is being digged on the wrong side of the road.
14. They are going to steal your money if you’re not careful.
your money is going to be stolen if you’re not careful.
15. Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion?
have you ever been asked for opinion?
16. Alan’s knowledge of art doesn’t impress me.
i am not impressed by Alan’s knowledge of art
17. How do people make candles?
how are candles made>
18. They can’t make tea with cold water.
tea can't be made with cold water.
19. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?
when are the results of the contest going to be announced?
20. Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake.
the police werent imformed that there had been a mistake.
21. Where will your company send you next year?
where will you be sent by your company next year?
22. Who looked after the children when you were away?
who were the children looked after by when you were away?
23. Look! Someone is feeding the seals.
Look! the seals are being fed
24. Kathy had returned the book to the library.
the book had been returned to the library by Kathy
25. By this time tomorrow, the president will have made the announcement.
By this time tomorrow, the announcement. will have been made by the president
26. The pollution in the city was affecting people’s breathing.
people’s breathing. was being affected by The pollution in the city
27. Mrs Andrews hasn’t signed those papers yet. Has Mr Andrews signed them yet?
those papers haven’t been signed by Mrs Andrews yet. have them been signed by Mr Andrews yet?
28. Is a student pilot flying that airplane?
is that airplane being flied by a student pilot?
29. Where did they hold the 1988 Olympic Games?
where was the 1988 Olympic Games held?
30. Do they make those tractors in this country, or do they import them?
are those tractors made in this country, or are they imported ?
Exercise 2. Change active to passive, paying close attention to special structures.
1. Parents always give me proper encouragement.
proper encouragement is always given to me by my parents
2. I remember someone giving me a toy drum on my fifth birthday.
I remember being given a toy drum on my fifth birthday.
3. Someone saw him pick up the gun.
he was seen picking up the gun.
4. They asked me some difficult questions at the interview.
i was asked some difficult questions at the interview.
5. Don’t touch this switch.
this switch musn't be touched
6. He won’t let you do that silly thing again.
He won’t let that silly thing be done again
7. The real estate office will send you a copy of the sales contract.
you will be sent a copy of the sales contract by The real estate office
8. I didn’t expect the police to find my car.
I didn’t expect my car to be found by the police
9. I rarely hear her call her children bad names.
I rarely hear her children being called bad names.
10. Someone seems to have made a terrible mistake.
a terrible mistake seems to have been made
11. I think they should have offered Tom the job.
I think Tom should have been offered the job.
12. People say that Arthur robbed a bank a long time ago.
Arthur is said to have robbed a bank a long time ago.
13. They used to make little boys climb the chimneys to clean them.
make little boys used to be made to climb the chimneys to clean them.
14. They suggested banning the sale of alcohol at football matches.
They suggested the sale of alcohol at football matches should be banned
15. Take off your coat.
your coat should be taken off
16. They have sent that money to the poor families.
that money has been sent to the poor families.
17. He recommended using bullet-proof glass.
He recommended bullet-proof glass. being used
18. She loves someone praising her all the time.
She loves being praised all the time.
19. We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police.
he is believed to have special knowledge which may be useful to the police.
20. You need to have your hair cut.
your hair needs cutting
1. The pub where I first met my wife is opposite the Town Hall.
2. He was sitting on a chair which was comfortable.
3. He smokes cigarettes which are very strong.
4. Let me see the pictures which you took at Peter’s wedding.
5. I don’t like some people who only think about money.
6. Do you know that lady, whose car I repaired?
That girl ,who Tom is in love with, is Swedish.
7. John has bought a house where there are ghosts .
8. I never travel with some people who drive drunk .
9.The police have caught a man who stole $10,000 from a bank .10.I have lost bananas which I bought this morning .
Complete the sentences, using a relative pronoun
1. The pub is opposite the Town Hall. I first met my wife there.
THE PUB WHERE I FIRST MET MY WIFE IS OPPOSITE THE TOWN HALL.
2. He was sitting on a chair. It was comfortable.
HE WAS SITTING ON A CHAIR WHICH WAS COMFORTABLE.
3. He smokes cigarettes. They are very strong.
HE SMOKES CIGARETTES WHICH ARE VERY STRONG.
4. Let me see the pictures. You took them at Peter’s wedding.
LET ME SEE THE PICTURE WHICH YOU TOOK AT PETER'S WEDDING.
5. Some people only think about money. I don’t like them.
I DON'T LIKE SOME PEOPLE WHO ONLY THINK ABOUT MONEY.
6. Do you know that lady? I repaired her car.
DO YOU KNOW THAT LADY WHOSE CAR I REPAIRED ?
That girl is Swedish. Tom is in love with her.
THAT GIRL WHO TOM IS IN LOVE WITH IS SWEDISH.
7. John has bought a house. There are ghosts in that house.
JOHN HAS BOUGT A HOUSE IN WHICH THERE ARE GHOSTS.
8. Some people drive drunk. I never travel with them.
I NEVER TRAVEL WITH SOME PEOPLE WHO DRIVE DRUNK.
9. A man stole $10,000 from a bank. The police have caught him.
THE POLICE HAVE CAUGHT A MAN WHO STOLE $ 10,000 FROM A BANK.
10. I bought bananas this morning. I have lost them.
I HAVE LOST THE BANANAS WHICH I BOUGHT THIS MORNING.