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a) Gọi KL cần tìm là X
nHCl=\(\frac{5,6}{22,4}\)=0,25
PTHH: X + HCl \(\rightarrow\) XCl2 + H2
0,25 0,5 0,25 0,25
\(\Rightarrow\)mX = \(\frac{16.25}{0,25}\)=65g ( Zn )
b) mHCl= \(0,5.36,5\)=18.25g
mdd= \(\frac{18.25}{0,1825}\)=100g
Cm = \(\frac{0,5}{\frac{0,1}{0,2}}\)=6 mol/l
c) C% = 0,25.(65+71)/(100+16,25-0,5).100=29.73%
goi ten kim loai la A co hoa tri la x
mhcl=300.7,3/100=21,9(g)
nHCl=21,9/36,5=0,6(mol)
2A + 2xhcl ---> 2AClx+ xh2
0,6/x <-0,6
mA=0,6.A/x<=>0,6A=5,4x<=>A=9x
bien luan:x=3=>A=27 vay kl loai A la Al
pt 2Al+6hcl--> 2AlCl3 + 3h2
0,6-> 0,2 0,3
m AlCl3=0,2.133,5=26,7(g)
m dd spu=5,4 + 300 -(0,3.2)=304,8(g)
C% AlCl3=26,7.100/304,8=8,76(%)
\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5a+b=0,2\\27a+56b=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ a=0,1\\ b=0,05\\ \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,5}\cdot100=49\%\\ \%_{Fe}=100-49=51\%\\ b)n_{HCl\left(1\right)_{ }}=0,1\cdot\dfrac{6}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,3+0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.4}{0,5}=0,8M\)
\(Đặt.oxit:A_2O_3\\ A_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow A_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{34,2-10,2}{96.3-16.3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ M_{A_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{0,1}=102\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)=2M_A+48\\ \Rightarrow M_A=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ a,\Rightarrow A.là.nhôm\left(Al=27\right)\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3.98}{100}.100=29,4\%\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6NaOH\rightarrow2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3Na_2SO_4\\ n_{NaOH}=6.0,1=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
a, \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{3,45}{23}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\left(M\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,96}{32}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,075}{2}>\dfrac{0,03}{1}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=2n_{O_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,06.18=1,08\left(g\right)\)
a ) \(mol_{HCl}=0,5\)
\(\Rightarrow mol_{M\left(OH\right)_2}=0,25\)
Nồng độ mol trong : \(M\left(OH\right)_2=\frac{0,25}{0,5}=1,25M\)
b ) Bảo toàn khối lượng là xong :
Theo thứ tự của PT cân bằng thì : \(m_{M\left(OH\right)_2}+m_{HCl}=m_{MCl_2}+m_{H_2O}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{M\left(OH\right)_2}+18,25=52+9\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{M\left(OH\right)_2}=42,75g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{M\left(OH\right)_2}=\frac{42,75}{0,25}=171g\)
\(\Rightarrow M\) là \(Bari\left(137\right)\)
c) Nồng độ mol đ sau PƯ sẽ là nồng độ mol của :
\(BaCl_2=\frac{mol_{BaCl_2}}{V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}+V_{HCl}}=\frac{0,25}{0,2+0,2}=\frac{0,25}{0,4}=0,625M\)