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\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72l\\ b)V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2+0,4}{2}=0,3l\\ c)m_{muối}=0,1.127+95.0,2=31,7g\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=2,78\\x+1,5y=0,07\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\\ n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,04.127=5,08\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: R + 2HCl → RCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,15 0,3 0,15
\(M_R=\dfrac{8,4}{0,15}=56\left(g/mol\right)\)
⇒ R là sắt (Fe)
b, \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5.100}{15}=73\left(g\right)\)
Trong \(20,4g\) hỗn hợp có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow65a+56b+27c=20,4\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45mol\)
\(BTe:2n_{Zn}+2n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=2n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2a+2b+3c=2\cdot0,45\left(2\right)\)
Trong \(0,2mol\) hhX có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn:ka\left(mol\right)\\Fe:kb\left(mol\right)\\Al:kc\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow ka+kb+kc=0,2\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,16}{22,4}=0,275mol\)
\(BTe:2n_{Zn}+3n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=2n_{Cl_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ka+3kb+3kc=2\cdot0,275\)
Xét thương:
\(\dfrac{ka+kb+kc}{2ka+3kb+3kc}=\dfrac{0,2}{2\cdot0,275}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{2a+3b+3c}=\dfrac{4}{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow3a-b-c=0\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2), (3)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1mol\\b=0,2mol\\c=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=6,5g\\m_{Fe}=11,2g\\m_{Al}=2,7g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{84}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
0,15 0,15
\(V_{CO_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
--> A
Mg+ 2HCl→ MgCl2+ H2
(mol) 0,2 0,2
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
→\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(lít\right)\)
Vậy giá trị của V là 4,48. Chọn câu A
\(a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4(g)\\ c,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{36,5\%}=30(g)\)
1. B
2. B
(Câu 2 cậu nên sửa lại câu hỏi nhé: Khối lượng dung dịch NaOH 10% ...)
Câu 1.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Chọn B.
Câu 2. \(n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot1=0,2mol\)
Để trung hòa: \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=0,2\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot40=8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{8}{10\%}\cdot100\%=80\left(g\right)\)
Chọn B.
Đặt x,y, z lần lượt là số mol của Na,Al,Mg trong m gam hỗn hợp A
m gam A + H2O dư
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
x--------------------x--------->0,5x
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
x<------x-------------------------------------->1,5x
=> \(0,5x+1,5x=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) (1)
2m gam A + NaOH
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
2x------------------------------->x
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
2y---------------------------------------------->3y
=> \(x+3y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) (2)
3m gam A + HCl
\(Na+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
3x--------------------------->1,5x
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
3y----------------------------->4,5y
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
3z----------------------------->3z
=> \(1,5x+4,5y+3z=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\) (3)
Từ (1), (2), (3) =>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=\dfrac{7}{60}\\z=\dfrac{2}{15}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{Na}=0,05.23=1,15\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=\dfrac{7}{60}.27=3,15\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2}{15}.24=3,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m=1,15+3,15+3,2=7,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{1,15}{7,5}.100=15,33\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{3,15}{7,5}.100=42\%\)
\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,2}{7,5}.100=42,67\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
Đáp án: B