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a)
Gọi $n_{Na_2CO_3} = a(mol) \Rightarrow n_{K_2CO_3}= 2a(mol)$
$Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + CO_2 + H_2O$
$K_2CO_3 + 2HCl \to 2KCl + CO_2 + H_2O$
$CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Na_2CO_3} + n_{K_2CO_3} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} $
$\Rightarrow a + 2a = 0,3$
$\Rightarrow a = 0,1$
$\Rightarrow m_{hh} = 0,1.106 + 0,1.2.138 = 38,2(gam)$
b)
$n_{HCl} =2 n_{Na_2CO_3} + 2n_{K_2CO_3} = 0,6(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,6}{1,5} = 0,4(lít)$
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{50}{100}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ---> CaCO3↓ + H2O
0,5<-----------------------0,5
Na2CO3 + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + CO2↑ + H2O
0,5<---------------------------------0,5
=> nNaCl = 1 - 0,5 = 0,5 (mol)
=> nNa2CO3 : nNaCl = 0,5 : 0,5 = 1 : 1
\(Đặt:n_{Na_2CO_3}=a\left(mol\right);n_{K_2CO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\\ Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ K_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}106a+138b=38,2\\a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ a.C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{200}.100=10,95\%\\ b.m_{ddB}=38,2+200-0,3.44=225\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddKCl}=\dfrac{74,5.2.0,2}{225}.100\approx13,244\%\\ C\%_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{58,5.2.0,1}{225}.100=5,2\%\)
PTHH:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl ---------->2NaCl + H2O + CO2
x──────>2x─────────────────>x mol
K2CO3 + 2HCl ---------->2KCl + H2O + CO2
y─────>2y────────────────>y mol
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ---->CaCO3 + H2O
0.3<───────────0.3 mol
mol kết tủa la mol CaCO3 , nCaCO3 = 30 / 100 = 0.3 mol
theo mol cO2 ta có: x + y = 0.3 mol
theo khối lượng: 106 x + 138y = 38.2
ta có hê:
{x + y = 0.3
{106 x + 138y = 38.2
=> x = 0.1 ; y = 0.2
=> mNa2CO3 = x*106 = 0.1 * 106 = 10.6 g
=>%mNa2CO3 = 10.6 / 38.2 = 27.75 %
=>%mK2CO3 = 100% - 27.75% = 72.25%
_________________
mol HCl bằng: 2x + 2y = 2*0.1 + 2*0.2 = 0.6 mol
=> mHCl = 0.6 *36.5 = 21.9 g
vì [HCl] = 20% => m(ddHCl) = 21.9 / 20% = 109.5 g
a, pthh:
Na2CO3 + 2HCl ----> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
x---------------->2x------------------... (mol)
K2CO3 + 2HCl ---------->2KCl + H2O + CO2
y------------->2y---------------------... (mol)
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 ---->CaCO3 + H2O
0.3<--------------------------0.3 (mol)
* Có: mol kết tủa là mol CaCO3 , nCaCO3 = 30 / 100 = 0.3 (mol)
theo mol cO2 ta có: x + y = 0.3 (mol)
theo khối lượng: 106 x + 138y = 38.2
ta có hệ phương trình:
{x + y = 0.3
{106 x + 138y = 38.2
=> x = 0.1 ; y = 0.2
=> mNa2CO3 = x*106 = 0.1 * 106 = 10.6 (g)
=>%mNa2CO3 = 10.6 / 38.2 = 27.75 %
=>%mK2CO3 = 100% - 27.75% = 72.25%
* Có: mol HCl bằng: 2x + 2y = 2*0.1 + 2*0.2 = 0.6 (mol)
=> mHCl = 0.6 *36.5 = 21.9 (g)
vì [HCl] = 20% => m(ddHCl) = 21.9 / 20% = 109.5 (g)
b, pthh:
Ba(OH)2 +2 HCl --->BaCl2 + 2H2O
0.3<-----------0.6(mol)
=> nBa(OH)2 = 0.3 (mol)
=> mBa(OH)2 = 0.3 * 171 = 51.3 (g)
200g BaOH)2 a% thì khói lượng Ba(OH)22 nguyên chất là: 51.3 (g)
ta có: 51.3 / 200 * 100% = a%
<=> a = 25.65 %
Đ/S:
a,% m Na2CO3 = 27.75%
% m K2CO3 = 72.25 %
mHCl = 21.9 (g)
b, a=25.65%
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,4.1,5=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{K_2CO_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(K_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(HCl_{dư}+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}+n_{K_2CO_3}=x+y\left(mol\right)\) ⇒ x + y = 0,25 (1)
\(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2x+2y\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-2x-2y\left(mol\right)\)
Có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}+n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-2y\left(mol\right)\\n_{KCl}=2n_{K_2CO_3}=2y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 58,5(0,6 - 2y) + 74,5.2y = 39,9 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.106}{0,1.106+0,15.138}.100\%\approx33,9\%\\\%m_{K_2CO_3}\approx66,1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a)
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} =b (mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 27b = 11(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\% = 50,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 50,9\% = 49,1\%$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,4} = 2M$
c)
$C_{M_{FeCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4} = 0,25M$
$C_{M_{AlCl_3}} =\dfrac{0,2}{0,4} = 0,5M$
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ZnO}=21,1-13=8,1\left(g\right)\)
Có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{ZnO}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
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a,Gọi \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=x\left(mol\right);n_{K_2CO_3}=2x\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
PTHH: K2CO3 + 2HCl → 2KCl + CO2 + H2O
PTHH: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 + H2O
Theo PTHH ta có:
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}+n_{K_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{30}{100}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + 2x = 0,3
⇔ x = 0,1 (mol)
⇒ mhh muối = 0,1.106 + 0,1.2.138 = 38,2 (g)
b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=2n_{CaCO_3}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
Câu này em đã từng hỏi r ,em xem có nhầm lẫn gì ko nhé