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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
_____0,15<--------------------0,15
=> mFe = 0,15.56 = 8,4(g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{8,4}{24,4}.100\%=34,426\%\\\%Fe_2O_3=100\%-34,426\%=65,574\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 56x+27y=11(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,4(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\%\)
1. Gọi mol của Mg và Al là x, y mol
=> 24x + 27y = 12,6 (1)
nH2 = 0,6 mol => x + 1,5y = 0,6 (2)
Từ (1) (2) => x = 0,3 ; y = 0,2
=> %Mg = 57,14%
=> %Al = 42,86%
nH2=13,44/22,4=0,6(mol)
Đặt: nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol) (a,b>0)
1) PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
a__________a________a_____a(mol)
2Al +3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
b___1,5b______0,5b____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=12,6\\a+1,5b=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg=0,3.24=7,2(g)
=>%mMg= (7,2/12,6).100=57,143%
=>%mAl=42,857%
2) mMgSO4=120.a=120.0,3=36(g)
mAl2(SO4)3=342.0,5b=342.0,5.0,2= 34,2(g)
mH2SO4= (0,3+0,2.1,5).98=58,8(g)
=>mddH2SO4=58,8: 14,7%=400(g)
=>mddsau= 12,6+400 - 2.0,6= 411,4(g)
=>C%ddAl2(SO4)3= (34,2/411,4).100=8,313%
C%ddMgSO4=(36/411,4).100=8,751%
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{37,6}\cdot100\%\approx14,89\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=85,11\%\)
Bài 3:
PTHH: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=0,05\cdot1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{342\cdot5\%}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit p/ứ hết, Bazơ còn dư sau p/ứ
\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa xanh
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,025\cdot261=6,525\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,075<-------------------------0,075
Cu không phản ứng với H2SO4 loãng
b, \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,8}{8}.100\%=22,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-22,5\%=77,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,075 0,075
\(Cu+H_2SO_4-x->\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=8-1,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{8}.100\%=80\%\\
\%m_{Mg}=100-80\%=20\%\)
a)
\(2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ b)\\ n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b =16,6(1)\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow a = 0,2 ; b = 0,2\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)\ ;\ m_{Fe} = 0,2.56 = 11,2(gam)\)
a) Y là Cu
$m_{Cu} = 8(gam)$
Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)$
Ta có : $27a + 56b + 8 = 13,45(1)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,15 ; b = 0,025$
$\%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{8}{13,45}.100\% = 59,47\%$
$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,15.27}{13,45}.100\% = 30,11\%$
$\%m_{Fe} = 10,42\%$
b)
$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = 0,25(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,25}{0,5} = 0,5(lít)$
\(a) \\ Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2\\ Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O\\ b) \text{Theo PTHH} : \\ n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ \%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{8} .100\% = 70\%\\ \%m_{Fe_2O_3} = 100\% -70\% = 30\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ \left(mol\right).....0,1...........................\leftarrow0,1\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe_2O_3}=\Sigma m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=8-5,6=2,4\left(g\right)\\ PTHH:Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8}.100\%=70\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{2,4}{8}.100\%=30\%\end{matrix}\right.\)