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\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng ta có
\(m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\\ =>5,4+29,4=34,2+m_{H_2}\\ =>m_{H_2}=0,6\left(g\right)\)
a) 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2
_____0,2------>0,1-------------------->0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,1.98 = 9,8(g)
\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(b/30ml=0,03l\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0015.2}{3}=0,001\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,001.27=0,027\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,0015}{2}=0,00075\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,00075.342=0,2565\left(g\right)\)
\(c/n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,0015.3}{3}=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,0015.24,79=0,037185\left(l\right)\)
\(a.2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=1,5.0,5.0,03=0,0375mol\\ m_{Al}=0,0375.27=1,0125g\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot0,03\cdot0,5=1,71g\\V_{H_2}=24,79.0,5.0,03=0,37185L\)
a, Magnesium + Sulfuric acid → Magnesium sulfate + Hydrogen
b, BTKL: mMg + mH2SO4 = mMgSO4 + mH2
c, Từ b, có: mH2SO4 = mMgSO4 + mH2 - mMg = 27,2 + 0,4 - 13 = 14,6 (g)
\(\left(1\right).4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\\ \left(2\right).m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}\\ \left(3\right).m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}-m_{Al}=10,2-5,4=4,8\left(g\right)\)
nMg = 2,88/24 = 0,12 (mol)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,12 ---> 0,12 ---> 0,12 ---> 0,12
mH2SO4 = 0,12 . 98 = 11,76 (g)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 -> (t°) 2H2O
Mol: 0,12 ---> 0,06
Vkk = 0,06 . 5 . 24,79 = 7,437 (l)
\(a,2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b,Theo.\text{Đ}LBTKL:\\ m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow5,4+29,4=m+0,6\\ \Leftrightarrow m=\left(5,4+29,4\right)-0,6=34,2\left(g\right)\)