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\(A=\sqrt[]{1+2+3+...+\left(n-1\right)+n+...+3+2+1}\)
Ta có :
\(1+2+3+...+\left(n-1\right)=\left(n-1\right)+...+3+2+1=\left[\left(n-1\right)-1\right]+1\left(n-1+1\right):2\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)n}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt[]{\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)n}{2}.2+n}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt[]{\left(n-1\right)n+n}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt[]{n^2-n+n}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt[]{n^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=n\left(n>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
a: \(\left(n^2+3n-1\right)\left(n+2\right)-n^3+2\)
\(=n^3+2n^2+3n^2+6n-n-2+n^3+2\)
\(=5n^2+5n=5\left(n^2+n\right)⋮5\)
b: \(\left(6n+1\right)\left(n+5\right)-\left(3n+5\right)\left(2n-1\right)\)
\(=6n^2+30n+n+5-6n^2+3n-10n+5\)
\(=24n+10⋮2\)
d: \(=\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2+2n\right)\)
\(=n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮6\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{1+2+...+n-1+n+n-1+...+2+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{2\left(1+2+...+n-1\right)+n}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{2\left(n-1\right)n}{2}+n}=\sqrt{n^2}=n\)
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\(\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]\)
Ta có đpcm.
Đặt
\(A_k=1+2+3+....+k=\frac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}\)
\(A_{k-1}=1+2+3+....+\left(k-1\right)=\frac{k\left(k-1\right)}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(A_k^2-A_{k-1}^2=\frac{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{2}-\frac{\left(k-1\right)^2k^2}{2}=\frac{k^2}{2}\left(k^2+2k+1-k^2+2k-1\right)=k^3\)
Khi đó:
\(1^3=A_1^2\)
\(2^3=A_2^2-A_1^2\)
\(...........\)
\(n^3=A_n^2-A_{n-1}^2\)
Khi đó:
\(1^3+2^3+3^3+...+n^3=A_n^3=\left[\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1^3+2^3+......+n^3}=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
=> ĐPCM
Cách khác:
Ta sẽ đi chứng minh \(1^3+2^3+3^3+....+n^3=\left[\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Với n=1 thì mệnh đề trên đúng
Giả sử mệnh đề trên đúng với n=k ta sẽ chứng minh mệnh đề đúng với n=k+1
Ta có:
\(A_k=1^3+2^3+3^3+.....+k^3=\left[\frac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Ta cần chứng minh:
\(A_{k+1}=1^3+2^3+3^3+.....+\left(k+1\right)^3=\left[\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Thật vậy !
\(A_{k+1}=1^3+2^3+3^3+.....+\left(k+1\right)^3\)
\(=\left[\frac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}\right]^2+\left(k+1\right)^3\)
\(=\frac{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{4}+\left(k+1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(k+1\right)^2\left(\frac{k^2}{4}+k+1\right)\)
\(=\left[\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Theo nguyên lý quy nạp ta có điều phải chứng minh.
\(\sqrt{1+2+3+..+\left(n-1\right)+n+\left(n-1\right)+...+3+2+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{2\left[1+2+3+...+\left(n-1\right)+n\right]-n}\)
\(=\sqrt{2.\left(n+1\right).n:2-n}\)
\(=\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)-n}\)
\(=\sqrt{n^2+n-n}\)
\(=\sqrt{n^2}\)
\(=n\)