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1.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}-\left(2x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)+x^2-2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}-\left(x+3\right)\right)+x^2-2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x-4\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3}+x^2-2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x-4=0\\\dfrac{2x+1}{\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3}+1=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x+1+\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}+x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+4x+5}=-3x-4\) \(\left(x\le-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x+5=9x^2+24x+16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x^2+20x+11=0\)
2.
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{2x+7}+7\sqrt{2x+7}=x^2+2x+7+7x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\sqrt{2x+7}+2x+7\right)+7\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)^2+7\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)\left(x+7-\sqrt{2x+7}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2x+7}\\x+7=\sqrt{2x+7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
\(\sqrt{29-x}+\sqrt{x+3}=x^2-26x+177\left(1\right)\)
ĐK -3 =<x =<29
Với mọi a,b >=0 ta có:
\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
Thay \(a=\sqrt{29-x};b=\sqrt{x+3}\)ta có:
\(\sqrt{29-x}+\sqrt{x+3}\le\sqrt{2\left(29-x+x+3\right)}=8\)
\(x^2-26x+177=\left(x-13\right)^2+8\ge8\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{29-x}+\sqrt{x+3}\le x^2-26x+177\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{29-x}=\sqrt{x+3}\\x-13=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=13}\)
Do đó (1) <=> x=13 (tm)