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16. 2 x + 4. 2 x = 5. 5 x + 3. 5 x
⇔ 20. 2 x = 8. 5 x ⇔ 2 / 5 x = 2 / 5 1 ⇔ x = 1
1: \(2^x=64\)
=>\(x=log_264=6\)
2: \(2^x\cdot3^x\cdot5^x=7\)
=>\(\left(2\cdot3\cdot5\right)^x=7\)
=>\(30^x=7\)
=>\(x=log_{30}7\)
3: \(4^x+2\cdot2^x-3=0\)
=>\(\left(2^x\right)^2+2\cdot2^x-3=0\)
=>\(\left(2^x\right)^2+3\cdot2^x-2^x-3=0\)
=>\(\left(2^x+3\right)\left(2^x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(2^x-1=0\)
=>\(2^x=1\)
=>x=0
4: \(9^x-4\cdot3^x+3=0\)
=>\(\left(3^x\right)^2-4\cdot3^x+3=0\)
Đặt \(a=3^x\left(a>0\right)\)
Phương trình sẽ trở thành:
\(a^2-4a+3=0\)
=>(a-1)(a-3)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a-1=0\\a-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\left(nhận\right)\\a=3\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3^x=1\\3^x=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
5: \(3^{2\left(x+1\right)}+3^{x+1}=6\)
=>\(\left[3^{x+1}\right]^2+3^{x+1}-6=0\)
=>\(\left(3^{x+1}\right)^2+3\cdot3^{x+1}-2\cdot3^{x+1}-6=0\)
=>\(3^{x+1}\left(3^{x+1}+3\right)-2\left(3^{x+1}+3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(3^{x+1}+3\right)\left(3^{x+1}-2\right)=0\)
=>\(3^{x+1}-2=0\)
=>\(3^{x+1}=2\)
=>\(x+1=log_32\)
=>\(x=-1+log_32\)
6: \(\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^x+\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^x=2\)
=>\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2+\sqrt{3}}\right)^x+\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^x=2\)
=>\(\dfrac{1}{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^x}+\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^x=2\)
Đặt \(b=\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^x\left(b>0\right)\)
Phương trình sẽ trở thành:
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+b=2\)
=>\(b^2+1=2b\)
=>\(b^2-2b+1=0\)
=>(b-1)2=0
=>b-1=0
=>b=1
=>\(\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^x=1\)
=>x=0
7: ĐKXĐ: \(x^2+3x>0\)
=>x(x+3)>0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>0\\x< -3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(log_4\left(x^2+3x\right)=1\)
=>\(x^2+3x=4^1=4\)
=>\(x^2+3x-4=0\)
=>(x+4)(x-1)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(nhận\right)\\x=-4\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge log_32\)
\(2\sqrt[]{3^x-2}+\sqrt[4]{\left(3^x-2\right)\left(3^x+2\right)}=\sqrt[]{3^x+2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt[]{\dfrac{3^x-2}{3^x+2}}+\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3^x-2}{3^x+2}}=1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3^x-2}{3^x+2}}=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow2t^2+t=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-1\left(loại\right)\\t=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3^x-2}{3^x+2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3^x-2}{3^x+2}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x=\dfrac{34}{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=log_3\left(\dfrac{34}{15}\right)\)
