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ta có: \(\frac{31+32+35}{34}=\frac{31}{34}+\frac{32}{34}+\frac{35}{34}.\)
mà \(\frac{31}{32}>\frac{31}{34};\frac{32}{33}>\frac{32}{34}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{31}{32}+\frac{32}{33}+\frac{35}{34}>\frac{31}{34}+\frac{32}{34}+\frac{35}{34}=\frac{31+32+35}{34}\)
\(S=\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}+\frac{1}{33}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=1\left(\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}+\frac{1}{33}+...+\frac{1}{60}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S-S=1+\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}+\frac{1}{33}+...+\frac{1}{60}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{60}=\frac{59}{60}\)
(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)(1/51 +1/52+ 1/53 +1/54+ 1/55 +1/56+ 1/57 +1/58 + 1/59 +1/60)
E = 1/31+1/32+...+1/60
E > 1/40+1/40+...+1/40+1/41+1/42+...+1/60
E > 20/40+1/41+1/42+...+1/60
E > 1/2+1/60+1/60+...+1/60
E > 1/2 + 1/3 = 5/6
Mà 5/6 > 4/5
=> E > 4/5
Lời giải:
$A=1+3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{30}$
$3A=3+3^2+3^3+....+3^{31}$
$3A-A=(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{31})-(1+3+...+3^{30})$
$2A=3^{31}-1$
$A=\frac{3^{31}-1}{2}=\frac{3.3^{30}-1}{2}$
$=\frac{3.9^{15}-1}{2}$
Ta thấy: Đối với $9^n$ thì $n$ chẵn số này sẽ có tận cùng là $1$, $n$ lẻ sẽ có tận cùng là $9$
Vậy $9^{15}$ tận cùng là $9$
$\Rightarrow 3.9^{15}$ tận cùng là $7$
$\Rightarrow 3.9^{15}-1$ tận cùng là $6$
$\Rightarrow A=\frac{3.9^{15}-1}{2}$ tận cùng là $3$ hoặc $8$
Do đó $A$ không thể là scp.
\(B=3^1+3^2+3^3+...+3^{300}\\=(3^1+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+(3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{299}+3^{300})\\=3\cdot(1+3)+3^3\cdot(1+3)+3^5\cdot(1+3)+...+3^{299}\cdot(1+3)\\=3\cdot4+3^3\cdot4+3^5\cdot4+...+3^{299}\cdot4\\=4\cdot(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{299})\)
Vì \(4\cdot(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{299})\vdots2\)
nên \(B\vdots2\)
B=(3+32)+(33+34)+...+(3299+3300)
B=3(1+3)+33(1+3)+...+3299(1+3)
B=3.4+33.4+...+3299.4
B=4(3+33+...+3299) chia hết cho 2 vì 4 chia hết cho 2
vậy B chia hết cho 2
A= (1/31 + 1/32+ ...+ 1/40) +(1/41 +1/42 +...+ 1/50) + (1/51 +1/52 +...+1/60)
A>10/40 + 10/50 + 10/60
A> 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/6
Ta thấy 1/4 + 1/6 = 10/24> 10/25 = 2/5
suy ra A > 1/5+2/5 = 3/5 suy ra đccm
\(F=1+3^1+3^2+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow3F=3+3^2+...+3^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow2F=3F-F=3+3^2+...+3^{101}-1-3^1-...-3^{100}=3^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow F=\dfrac{3^{101}-1}{2}\)
\(3\cdot F=3^1+3^2+...+3^{101}\)
hay \(F=\dfrac{3^{101}-1}{2}\)