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Bài 1:
PTHH: \(CH_4+Cl_2\underrightarrow{a/s}CH_3Cl+HCl\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Cl_2}=n_{CH_3Cl}=n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_3Cl}=0,15\cdot50,5=7,575\left(g\right)\\V_{CH_4}=V_{Cl_2}=3,36\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{a/s}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}\\n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{CO_2}=V_{CH_4}=5,6\left(l\right)\\V_{CO_2}=2V_{CH_4}=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{336}{5}=67,2\left(ml\right)=0,0672\left(l\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,0672}{22,4}=0,003\left(mol\right)\\ CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,003}{2}=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{CH_4\left(đktc\right)}=0,0015.22,4=0,0336\left(l\right)\\ b,V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=V_{CH_4\left(đktc\right)}=0,0336\left(l\right)\)
nCH4 = 4,48/22,4 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 -> (t°) CO2 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,2 ---> 0,4 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,4
VO2 = 0,4 . 22,4 = 8,96 (l)
VCO2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
Vkk = 8,96 . 5 = 44,8 (l)
nCH4 =11,2/22,4 = 0,5 (mol)
PTHH CH4 + 2O2 -to-> CO2 + 2H2O
...........0,5.........1.............0,5............1
Vkk= 5. VO2 = 5. 22,4 .1 = 112 l
nCH4 = 2.24/22.4 = 0.1 (mol)
CH4 + 2O2 -to-> CO2 + 2H2O
0.1____0.2______0.1
VO2 = 0.2*22.4 = 4.48 (l)
VCO2 = 0.1*22.4=2.24 (l)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
0.15 0.3 0.15
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15mol\)
\(V_{O_2}=0.3\times22.4=6.72l\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.15\times22.4=3.36l\)
\(28ml=0,028l\)
\(67,2ml=0,0672l\)
Giả sử ta đo ở đktc
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\\n_{C_2H_2}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{0,028}{22,4}=0,00125mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,0672}{22,4}=0,003mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
x 2x ( mol )
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
y 5/2 y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,00125\\2x+\dfrac{5}{2}y=0,003\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,00025\\y=0,001\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,00025}{0,00125}.100=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-20\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> Chọn A
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\\ n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}=0,5\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=2.n_{CH_4}=2.0,5=1\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=n_{O_2}.22,4=1.22,4=22,4\left(l\right)\\ V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=n_{CO_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
Đáp án C