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Gọi $n_{Al}= a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 4,44(1)$
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
$3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4$
$Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O$
B gồm : $Al_2O_3, Fe$
$n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,5a(mol)$
Suy ra: $0,5a.102 + 56b = 5,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,04 ; b = 0,06
$m_{Al} = 0,04.27 =1,08\ gam$
$m_{Fe} = 0,06.56 = 3,36\ gam$
a)
Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_{Fe\left(bđ\right)}+m_{O_2}=m_X\)
=> \(m_{O_2}=26,4-20=6,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b)
PTHH: 3Fe + 2O2 --to--> Fe3O4
0,2------->0,1
=> \(\%m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{0,1.232}{26,4}.100\%=87,88\%\)
c)
- Nếu dùng KClO3
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
\(\dfrac{0,4}{3}\)<-----------------0,2
=> \(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,4}{3}.122,5=\dfrac{49}{3}\left(g\right)\)
- Nếu dùng KMnO4:
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,4<--------------------------------0,2
=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=0,4.158=63,2\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH : \(FeO+H_2-t^o->Fe+H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2-t^o->Cu+H_2O\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{FeO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\) => \(72x+80y=11,2\left(I\right)\)
Có : \(m_{O\left(lấy.đi\right)}=m_{giảm}=1,92\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{O\left(lấy.đi\right)}=\frac{1,92}{16}=0,12\left(mol\right)\) Vì H% = 80% => Thực tế : \(n_{O\left(hh\right)}=\frac{0,12}{80}\cdot100=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
BT Oxi : \(x+y=0,15\left(II\right)\)
Từ (I) và (II) suy ra : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0,1\\y=0,05\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}m_{FeO}=7,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=4\left(g\right)\end{cases}}\)
b) PTHH : \(Fe+H_2SO_4-->FeSO_4+H_2\)
BT Fe : \(n_{Fe}=n_{FeO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh : \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=2,24\left(l\right)\)
BT Cu : \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{CR\left(ko.tan\right)}=0,05\cdot64=3,2\left(g\right)\)
a, \(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_C=x\left(mol\right)\\n_S=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: 12x + 32y = 5 (1)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_C=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_2}=n_S=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 44x + 64y = 13 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
%V cũng là %n ở cùng điều kiện nhiệt độ, áp suất.
Nếu là %V thì phải là hh sản phẩm chứ bạn nhỉ?
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,15+0,1}.100\%=60\%\\\%V_{SO_2}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo ĐLBT KL: mC + mS + mO2 = mCO2 + mSO2
⇒ mO2 = 13 - 5 = 8 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8}{32}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{4}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\), ta được Al dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ nAl (dư) = 0,5 - 0,4 = 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,015.0,082.\left(25+273\right)}{0,986}\approx3,7274\left(l\right)\)