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`a)a/b<c/d`
Nhân 2 vế cho `bd>0` ta có:
`(abd)/b<(bcd)/d`
`<=>ad<bc`
`b)ad<bc`
Chia 2 vế cho `bd>0` ta có:
`(ad)/(bd)<(bc)/(bd)`
`<=>a/b<c/d`.
Ta có :
+) \(b^2=ac\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\left(1\right)\)
+) \(c^2=b.d\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)\(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{d}=k^3\)
Mặt khác :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}=\dfrac{c^3}{d^3}=k^3\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ lệ thức ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}=\dfrac{c^3}{d^3}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=k^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{a}{d}\rightarrowđpcm\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\\\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\\\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
\(a,\dfrac{1}{2}x=3+2\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}x=5\)
\(x=5\div\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(x=10\)
\(b,\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-\sqrt{36}=10\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-6=10\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2=10+6\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2=16\)
\(x^2=16\div\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(x^2=64\)
\(x^2=\left(8\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=8\)
\(a,A=\dfrac{1}{2010}-\dfrac{1}{2009}-\dfrac{1}{2009}+\dfrac{1}{2008}-...-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}+1\\ A=1+\dfrac{1}{2010}=\dfrac{2011}{2010}\)
\(b,B=\left(-124\right)\left(63-37\right)+\dfrac{17}{66}\left(-66\right)=-124\cdot26+17=-3224+17=-3207\)
a: \(A=\left(5xy-2xy+4xy\right)+3x-2y-y^2\)
\(=7xy+3x-2y-y^2\)
b: \(B=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}ab^2-\dfrac{7}{8}ab^2-\dfrac{1}{2}ab^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}a^2b-\dfrac{3}{8}a^2b\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-7}{8}ab^2+\dfrac{3}{8}a^2b\)
c: \(C=\left(2a^2b+5a^2b\right)+\left(-8b^2-3b^2\right)+\left(5c^2+4c^2\right)\)
\(=7a^2b-11b^2+9c^2\)
Bài 1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{ck}{ck+c}=\dfrac{ck}{c\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)
Vậy nếu \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}\) thì \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)