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Từ giải thiết, ta suy ra được những điều sau :
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{\left[y-\left(x+y\right)\right]\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left[x-\left(x+y\right)\right]\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{-x\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{-y\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}\) (1)
Và \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2+x^2y+x^2+xy^2+xy+x+y^2+y+1\)
\(=x^2y^2+\left(x^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+y^2\right)+\left(x+y\right)+1\)
\(=x^2y^2+\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+1+1\)
\(=x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+2\)
\(=x^2y^2+3\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra :
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-x^2-x-1+y^2+y+1+2x-2y}{\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-x^2+y^2+x-y}{\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y-x\right)+x-y}{\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{y-x+x-y}{\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=0\)(ĐPCM)
Biến đổi
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{x^4-x-y^4+y}{\left(x^3-1\right)\left(y^3-1\right)}=\frac{\left(x^4-y^4\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
(do x+y=1 => y-1=-x và x-1=-y)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(x^2y^2+y^2x+y^2+yx^2+xy+y+x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-1\right)}{xy\left[x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+2\right]}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-x+y^2-y\right)}{xy\left[x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+2\right]}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)\right]}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(-y\right)+y\left(-x\right)\right]}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(-2xy\right)}{xy\left(x^2y^2+1\right)}=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
=> ĐPCM
a) Ta có: \(A=x\left(x+2\right)+y\left(y-2\right)-2xy+37\)
\(=x^2+2x+y^2-2y-2xy+37\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(2x-2y\right)+37\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+37\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y+2\right)+37\)(1)
Thay x-y=7 vào biểu thức (1), ta được:
\(A=7\cdot\left(7+2\right)+37=7\cdot9+37=100\)
Vậy: Khi x-y=7 thì A=100
b) Ta có: \(x+y=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2xy+10=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2xy=-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy=-3\)
Ta có: \(A=x^3+y^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)(2)
Thay x+y=2; \(x^2+y^2=10\) và xy=-3 vào biểu thức (2), ta được:
\(A=2\cdot\left(10+3\right)=2\cdot13=26\)
Vậy: Khi x+y=2 và \(x^2+y^2=10\) thì A=26
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+2x+y^2-2y-2xy+37=x^2-2xy+y^2+2\left(x-y\right)+37=\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+37=7^2+2\cdot7+37=100\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left[x^2+y^2-\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2}\right]=2\cdot\left[10+3\right]=2\cdot13=26\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-z\\x+z=-y\\y+z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow P=\left(\dfrac{x+y}{y}\right)\left(\dfrac{y+z}{z}\right)\left(\dfrac{x+z}{x}\right)=-\dfrac{z}{y}\cdot\dfrac{-x}{z}\cdot-\dfrac{y}{x}=-1\)
2) \(\hept{\begin{cases}^{x^2-xy=y^2-yz}\left(1\right)\\^{y^2-yz=z^2-zx}\left(2\right)\\^{z^2-zx=x^2-xy}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
lấy (2) - (1) suy ra\(2yz=2y^2+xy+xz-x^2-z^2\)
lấy (3) - (1) suy ra \(2xy=zx+yz-z^2+2x^2-y^2\)
lấy (3) - (2) suy ra \(2zx=xy+yz+2z^2-x^2-y^2\)
cộng lại đc \(yz+xz+xy=0\) do đó \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{3}{z}=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{yz+2xz+3xy}{xyz}=0\)
=>yz+2xz+3xy=0
=>\(xy+\dfrac{2}{3}xz+\dfrac{1}{3}yz=0\)
\(x+\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{z}{3}=1\)
=>\(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{z}{3}\right)^2=1\)
=>\(x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}+\dfrac{z^2}{9}+2\left(x\cdot\dfrac{y}{2}+x\cdot\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{y}{2}\cdot\dfrac{z}{3}\right)=1\)
=>\(A+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{2}+\dfrac{xz}{3}+\dfrac{yz}{6}\right)=1\)
=>A+xy+2/3xz+1/3yz=1
=>A=1
\(x+y=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1-y\\y=1-x\end{cases}}\)
\(A=\frac{1-y}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{1-x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(A=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}-\frac{-1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(A=\frac{-x^2-x-1+y^2+y+1}{\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+y^2x+y^2+yx^2+xy+y+x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y+1\right)}{x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+\left(x+y\right)+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\) mà x + y = 1
\(A=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+2xy+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(A=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+2}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\) ; x + y = 1
\(A=\frac{2\left(y-x\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)