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\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}\)
Khai triển cả 2 vế ta được \(\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=0\end{cases}}\)=>\(\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}\Rightarrow x=y\)
=>\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=2\Rightarrow\frac{4}{x^2}+\frac{4}{xz}+\frac{1}{z^2}=4\)(1)
\(\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{x^2}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra
\(\frac{2}{x^2}+\frac{4}{xz}+\frac{2}{z^2}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{2}{xz}+\frac{1}{z^2}=0\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow x=y=-z\)
=> \(P=\left(x+2y+z\right)^{2019}=\left(2y\right)^{2019}\)
à thêm cái này nữa. Sorry viết thiếu
Vì x=y=-z\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{x}-\frac{1}{x}=2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}=2\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}.\)
lúc đó \(P=\left(2.\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2019}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{xz}=\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{xz}-\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{1}{z^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{2}{xz}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}=0\\\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{-z}\\\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{-z}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{-z}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{-z}+\frac{1}{-z}+\frac{1}{z}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z=\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left(x+2y+z\right)^{2021}=\left(\frac{1}{2}+2.\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2021}=1^{2021}=1\)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{xz}-\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{1}{z^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{2}{xz}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\\\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}=-\frac{1}{z}\\\frac{1}{y}=-\frac{1}{z}\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=-z\)
Thay vào \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\)ta được :
\(x=y=\frac{1}{2};z=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(\frac{1}{2}+2.\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^{2021}=1^{2020}=1\)
Áp dụng bđt côsi cho 2 số dương lần lượt ta có :
\(1+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}}\)
\(1+\frac{z}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z}{y}}\)
\(1+\frac{x}{z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{z}}\)
Nhân vế theo vế ta đc : \(\left(1+\frac{y}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{x}{z}\right)\ge8\sqrt{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}=8\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi : \(1=\frac{y}{x}\)=> x=y và \(1=\frac{z}{y}\) => z=y và \(1=\frac{x}{z}\) => x=z
=> x=y=z
Thay vào M ta được : \(M=\frac{x^2}{2x^2}+\frac{y^2}{2y^2}+\frac{z^2}{2z^2}=\frac{3}{2}\).