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a)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2----------->0,2----->0,3
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b) \(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
0,3<----------------0,3
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2--------------->0,2------->0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c, PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
0,2<------------------0,2
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=n_{AlCl_3}.M_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7g\)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,45\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,3.133,5=40,05\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,45}{3}\) → Fe2O3 dư.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(10,8+43,8=m_{AlCl_3}+\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}.2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=10,8+43,8-0,6=54\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(2mol\) \(6mol\) \(2mol\) \(3mol\)
\(0,27\) \(x\) \(y\) \(z\)
b) ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{7,3}{27}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
theo PT: \(n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=n_{AlCl_3}.M_{AlCl_3}=0,27.133,5=36,045\left(g\right)\)
c) ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{m_{H_2}}{M_{H_2}}=\) \(\dfrac{0,27.3}{2}=0,405\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,405.22,4=9,072\left(l\right)\)
a)
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b) nAl = 5,4 : 27 = 0,2 mol
Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng => nH2 = 0,3 mol <=> VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 lít.
c) nAlCl3 = nAl = 0,2 mol
=> mAlCl3 = 0,2. 133,5 = 26,7 gam.
d) nHCl cần dùng = 3nAl = 0,6 mol
=> mHCl = 0,6.36,5 = 21,9 gam
<=> mdd HCl cần dùng = \(\dfrac{21,9}{3,65\%}\) = 600 gam
a. \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18.25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
\(\dfrac{1}{6}\) 0,5 \(\dfrac{1}{6}\) 0,25
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{0.2}{2}>\dfrac{0.5}{6}\) => Al dư , HCl đủ
\(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-\dfrac{1}{6}\right).27=0,9\left(g\right)\)
b. \(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c. \(m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.133,5=22,25\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}>\dfrac{0,5}{6}\) => Al dư
Theo pthh:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,5=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,5=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=5,4-\dfrac{1}{6}.27=0,9\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.133,5=22,25\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2
0,4-----1,2--------------0,6 mol
n HCl=\(\dfrac{43,8}{36,5}\)=1,2 mol
=>VH2=0,6.22,4=13,44l
=>m Al=0,4.27=10,8g