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Ta có:
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{c+a-b}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c}+1=\frac{b+c}{a}-1=\frac{c+a}{b}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b-2c}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}-2=\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{c+a-b}{b}=\frac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
=> a+b-c/c = 1 => a+b-c = c => a+b = 2c
b+c-a/a = 1 => b+c-a = a => b+c = 2a
c+a-b/b = 1 => c+a-b = b => c+a = 2b
=> P = \(\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)\cdot\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)\cdot\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)=\frac{a+b}{a}\cdot\frac{b+c}{b}\cdot\frac{c+a}{c}=\frac{2c}{a}\cdot\frac{2a}{b}\cdot\frac{2b}{c}=\frac{2c.2a.2b}{abc}=\frac{8abc}{abc}=8\)
Bài làm:
Vì a,b,c khác 0 nên:
Ta có: \(a\left(y+z\right)=b\left(z+x\right)=c\left(x+y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y+z}{bc}=\frac{z+x}{ca}=\frac{x+y}{ab}\) (1) (chia cả 3 vế cho abc)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
\(\left(1\right)=\frac{x+y-z-x}{ab-ca}=\frac{y+z-x-y}{bc-ab}=\frac{z+x-y-z}{ca-bc}\)
\(=\frac{y-z}{a\left(b-c\right)}=\frac{z-x}{b\left(c-a\right)}=\frac{x-y}{c\left(a-b\right)}\)
=> đpcm
Bài làm:
Vì a,b,c khác 0 nên:
Ta có: a(y+z)=b(z+x)=c(x+y)�(�+�)=�(�+�)=�(�+�)
⇔y+zbc=z+xca=x+yab⇔�+���=�+���=�+��� (1) (chia cả 3 vế cho abc)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
(1)=x+y−z−xab−ca=y+z−x−ybc−ab=z+x−y−zca−bc(1)=�+�−�−���−��=�+�−�−���−��=�+�−�−���−��
=y−za(b−c)=z−xb(c−a)=x−yc(a−b)=�−��(�−�)=�−��(�−�)=�−��(�−�)
=> đpcm
TH1: Nếu a+b+c \(\ne0\)
áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{c+a-b}{b}=\frac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{a+b+c}=1\)
mà \(\frac{a+b-c}{c}+1=\frac{b+c-a}{a}+1=\frac{c+a-b}{b}+1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=2\)
Vậy \(B=\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)=\left(\frac{a+b}{a}\right)\left(\frac{a+c}{c}\right)\left(\frac{b+c}{b}\right)=8\)
TH2 : Nếu a+b+c = 0
áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{c+a-b}{b}=\frac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{a+b+c}=0\)
mà \(\frac{a+b-c}{c}+1=\frac{b+c-a}{a}+1=\frac{c+a-b}{b}+1=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=1\)
vậy \(B=\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)=\left(\frac{a+b}{a}\right)\left(\frac{a+c}{c}\right)\left(\frac{b+c}{b}\right)=1\)
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}+2=\frac{b+c-a}{a}+2=\frac{c+a-b}{b}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+c}{a}\)
TH1: a+b+c=0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-\left(b+c\right)\\b=-\left(a+c\right)\\c=-\left(a+b\right)\end{cases}}\Rightarrow B=\left(1-\frac{a+c}{a}\right).\left(1-\frac{b+c}{c}\right).\left(1-\frac{a+b}{b}\right)=-1\)
TH2: a+b+c khác 0
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\Rightarrow B=\left(1+\frac{a}{a}\right).\left(1+\frac{a}{a}\right).\left(1+\frac{a}{a}\right)=2^3=8\)
P/s: Bài toán này khá hay đó !!
Ta có : \(a\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=b\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2c+a^2b}{abc}=\frac{b^2c+ab^2}{abc}=\frac{c^2b+c^2a}{abc}\)
Mà : \(a,b,c>0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2c+a^2b=b^2c+ab^2=c^2b+c^2a\)
+) Xét : \(a^2c+a^2b=b^2c+ab^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)+c\left(a^2-b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(ab+ca+cb\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-b=0\Leftrightarrow a=b\) (1)
( Do \(a,b,c>0\Rightarrow ab+ca+cb>0\) )
+) Xét \(b^2c+ab^2=c^2b+c^2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc\left(b-c\right)+a\left(b^2-c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-c\right)\left(bc+ab+ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b-c=0\Leftrightarrow b=c\)(2)
( Do \(a,b,c>0\Rightarrow ab+ca+cb>0\) )
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\) (đpcm)
Ta có:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{a-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\frac{a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}\left(1\right)\)Chứng minh tương tự,ta có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}\left(2\right)\\\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1);(2);(3) suy ra:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^{đpcm}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b}{2ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ca+cb=2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac-ab=ab-bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(c-b\right)=b\left(a-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\left(đpcm\right)\)