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Có: a2 + 2bc -1 = a2 + 2bc - ab - bc - ca = (a2 - ab) - (ca - bc) = ( a - b)( a - c) Tương tự: b2 + 2ca -1 = ( b - c)( b - a) ; c2 + 2ab - 1 = ( c - a)( c - b) => (a2 + 2bc -1)(b2 + 2ca -1)(c2 + 2ab - 1) = ( a - b)( a - c)( b - c)( b - a)( c - a)( c - b) = -\([\text{( a - b)( b - c)( c - a)}]^2\)
\(abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(3-2a\right)\left(3-2b\right)\left(3-2c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9abc\ge12\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-27\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{9}{a\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{3+abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
ÁP dụng BĐT AM-Gm ta có:
\(Σ\frac{a^2}{\left(ab+2\right)\left(2ab+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{9}\cdotΣ\frac{a^2}{\left(ab+1\right)^2}\)
ĐẶt \(a=\frac{x}{y};b=\frac{y}{z};c=\frac{z}{x}\) thì cần cm
\(Σ\frac{a^2}{\left(ab+1\right)^2}=Σ\left(\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(Σ\left(\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\)
Theo C-S \(Σ\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{\left(xz\right)^2}{xyz\left(x+z\right)}\ge\frac{\left(Σxy\right)^2}{2xy\left(Σx\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(Σ\frac{xz}{y\left(x+z\right)}\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{9}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Đúng hay ta có ĐPCM xyar ra khi a=b=c=1
a + b + c = 0
<=> (a + b + c)^2 = 0
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 0
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 0
<=> a = b = c = 0
=> Q = - 1 + 1 + 1 = 1
vì \(c\le a\)nên \(\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{2}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(b+1\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\frac{a+b+c+3}{abc+a+b+c+4}\)(*)
Từ giả thiết: ab+bc+ca=3.Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:\(3=ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
và có BĐT \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\ge3abc\)
từ (*): \(\frac{a+b+c+3}{abc+a+b+c+4}\ge\frac{a+b+c+3}{\frac{a+b+c}{3}+a+b+c+4}=\frac{3\left(a+b+c+3\right)}{4\left(a+b+c\right)+12}=\frac{3}{4}\)
do đó \(VT\ge2.\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
nguồn: Hữu Đạt
\(Q=\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+bc}}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{b+c}\)
\(Q\ge\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^2}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
a + b + c= 1 \(\Rightarrow\)1 - a = b + c > 0
Tương tự : 1 - b > 0 ; 1 - c > 0
Mà 1 + a = 1 + ( 1 - b - c ) = ( 1- b ) + ( 1 - c ) \(\ge\)\(2\sqrt{\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)}\)
Tương tự : \(1+b\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1-c\right)}\); \(1+c\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge8\sqrt{\left(1-a\right)^2\left(1-b\right)^2\left(1-c\right)^2}=8\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}{\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)}\ge8\)
Dấu " = : xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 8 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Cách khác:
\(A=\frac{\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)\right]\left[\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+a\right)\right]\left[\left(c+a\right)+\left(c+b\right)\right]}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si cho 2 số ta được:
\(A\ge\frac{8\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=8\)
"=" <=> a = b = c = 1/3
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