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Kết quả rút gọn: \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(M=\frac{x+12}{\sqrt{x}-1}.\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\frac{x+12}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(M=\frac{x-4+16}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\sqrt{x}-2+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\left(\sqrt{x}+2+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}\right)-4\)
Âp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 2 số không âm ta có:
\(M\ge2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right).\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}}-4=2.4-4=4\)
Vậy min M =4. Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2=16\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\Leftrightarrow x=4\left(tm\right)\)
\(P=\left(\frac{3}{x-1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\) \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1\)
\(P=\left(\frac{3}{x-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}\right):\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x-1}.\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
b) theo câu a) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) với \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1\)
theo bài ra \(P=\frac{5}{4}\)thì \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right).4=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right).5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x}+8=5\sqrt{x}-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{x}+13=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{x}=-13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=169\)
vậy \(x=169\)khi \(P=\frac{5}{4}\)
a: \(P=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1+11\sqrt{x}-11+34}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}:\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1-x+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+12\sqrt{x}+24}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
b: Thay \(x=3-2\sqrt{2}\) vào P, ta được:
\(P=\dfrac{3-2\sqrt{2}+12\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)+24}{\sqrt{2}-1+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{27-2\sqrt{2}+12\sqrt{2}-12}{\sqrt{2}+1}=5+5\sqrt{2}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne1\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}=2\)
=> Với mọi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne1\end{cases}}\)thì P = 2
Đề sai à --
a ) \(ĐKXĐ:x\ge0;x\ne1\)
= \(\frac{x+1+\sqrt{x}}{x+1}:\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right]-1\)
\(=\frac{x+1+\sqrt{x}}{x+1}:\frac{x+1-2\sqrt{x}}{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-1\)
\(=\frac{x+1+\sqrt{x}}{x+1}:\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-1\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+1+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}-1\)
\(=\frac{x+1+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-1=\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
B ) Ta có :
\(Q=P-\sqrt{x}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\sqrt{x}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+3}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
Đế Q nhận giá trị nguyên thì \(1+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\left(vì1\in Z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(3\right)\)
Ta có bảng sau :
| \(\sqrt{x}-1\) | 3 | -3 | 1 | -1 |
| \(\sqrt{x}\) | 4 | -2 | 2 | 0 |
| \(x\) | 16(t/m) | 4(t/m) | 0(t/m) |
Vậy để biểu thức \(Q=P-\sqrt{x}\) nhận giá trị nguyên thì \(x\in\left\{16;4;0\right\}\)
1) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne4\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\frac{2+\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}-\frac{2-\sqrt{x}}{2+\sqrt{x}}-\frac{4x}{x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)^2-\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)^2+4x}{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4+4\sqrt{x}+x-4+4\sqrt{x}-x+4x}{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4x+8\sqrt{x}}{\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}\)
2) Để \(P=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x}=4-2\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\sqrt{x}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{9}\)
Vậy để \(P=2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{9}\)
3) Khi \(\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-2=0\\2\sqrt{x}-1==0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=2\\\sqrt{x}=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=4\left(ktm\right)\\x=\frac{1}{4}\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Thay \(x=\frac{1}{4}\)vào P, ta được :
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{4\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}}{2-\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}}=\frac{4\cdot\frac{1}{2}}{2-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{2}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
4) Để \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x-4\sqrt{x}=-x-\sqrt{x}+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-3\sqrt{x}-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=3x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=9x^2-12x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-13x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}9x-4=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{4}{9}\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Thử lại ta được kết quá : \(x=\frac{4}{9}\left(ktm\right)\); \(x=1\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy để \(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{2\sqrt{x}-1}\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
5) Để biểu thức nhận giá trị nguyên
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{2-\sqrt{x}}\inℤ\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x}⋮2-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)+8⋮2-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8⋮2-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-\sqrt{x}\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm8\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{1;3;0;4;-2;6;-6;10\right\}\)
Ta loại các giá trị < 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{1;3;0;4;6;10\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;9;0;16;36;100\right\}\)
Vậy để \(P\inℤ\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;9;0;16;36;100\right\}\)
\(\)
a)ĐKXĐ :\(x\ge0;x\ne9\)
khai triển => \(P=\frac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
b) Ta có :\(x=\sqrt{14-6\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=3-\sqrt{5}\)
Thay vào P ta có : \(P=\frac{3-\sqrt{5}-4}{\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}+1}=-\frac{7+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}+1}\)
\(đkxđ\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x\ne1\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{3}{x-1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\frac{3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}:\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)\(+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+1=\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}+1\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1+3}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1+3}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(P\in Z\Leftrightarrow1+\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ_3\)
Mà \(Ư_3=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
\(Th1:\sqrt{x}-1=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\Rightarrow x=4\)
\(Th2:\sqrt{x}-1=-1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=0\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(Th3:\sqrt{x}-1=3\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=4\Rightarrow x=16\)
\(Th4:\sqrt{x}-1=-3\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=-2\Rightarrow x\in\varnothing\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;4;16\right\}\)
\(M=\frac{x+12}{\sqrt{x}-1}.\left(1\div\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x+12}{\sqrt{x}-1}.\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\frac{x+12}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\frac{x-4+16}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}-2+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\sqrt{x}+2+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}-4\)
Áp dụng Bất đẳng thức Cô - Si cho hai số nguyên dương \(\sqrt{x}+2;\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)ta có :
\(\sqrt{x}+2+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}\ge2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right).\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}\ge2.\sqrt{16}=2.4=8\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2+\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}-4\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=\frac{16}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=4\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=2\Rightarrow x=4\)
\(KL:M_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow x=4\)