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4.a
\(\dfrac{3x-y}{x+y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x-y\right).4=3\left(x+y\right)\\ \Rightarrow12x-4y=3x+3y\\ \Rightarrow12x-3x=4y+3y\\ \Rightarrow9x=7y\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{7}{9}\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng t.c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\\ =\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{a.b.c}{b.c.d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Bài 1: Nhân chéo
Bài 2:
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b-c}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{a-b-c}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c-a+b-c}{a+b-c-a+b+c}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-a\right)+\left(b+b\right)+\left(c-c\right)}{\left(a-a\right)+\left(b+b\right)+\left(c-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2b}{2b}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=a+b-c\)
\(\Rightarrow c=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow c+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2c=0\Rightarrow c=0\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a.b.c}{b.c.d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{c}{d}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\) ta có:
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\)
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{\left(c+d\right)^3}=\dfrac{\left(bk+b\right)^3}{\left(dk+d\right)^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{\left(c+d\right)^3}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\) (*)
a) Từ (*)suy ra:
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dk\right)^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2.k^2+b^2}{d^2.k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk+b\right)^2}{\left(dk+d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left[b\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}=\dfrac{b^2.\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2.\left(k+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) (đpcm)
b) Tương tự câu a nhé bạn!
a) \(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad=cb\)
=> \(ad+bd=bc+bd\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+b\right)=b\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
Đặt:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b}=k+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c+d}{d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d}=k+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\rightarrowđpcm\)
\(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-b^2}{d^2k^2-d^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left[b\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\rightarrowđpcm\)
vì vai trò của a,b,c,d như nhau, giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\ge d\)
áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left|a-b\right|}{2}=\dfrac{\left|b-c\right|}{23}=\dfrac{\left|c-d\right|}{32}=\dfrac{\left|d-a\right|}{223}\)
=\(\dfrac{a-b+b-c+c-d-\left(-d+a\right)}{-166}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0\Rightarrow a=b\) (1)
\(b-c=0\Rightarrow b=c\) (2)
\(c-d=0\Rightarrow c=d\) (3)
từ (1),(2) và (3) suy ra: a=b=c=d