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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab+bc+ca=abc\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}abc-ab-bc-ca=0\\a+b+c-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)=\left(a-1\right)\left(bc-b-c+1\right)\)
\(=abc-ab-ac+a-bc+b+c-1\)
\(=\left(abc-ab-bc-ca\right)+\left(a+b+c-1\right)\)
\(=0+0=0\) (ddpcm)
\(VT=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\\ =\left(ab-a-b+1\right)\left(c-1\right)\\ =abc-ab-ac+a-bc+b+c-1\\ =abc-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)-1\\ =abc-abc+1-1=0=VP\)
Bài 2 :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca = 3ab + 3bc + 3ca
<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = ab + bc + ca
<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
<=> ( a - b )^2 + ( b - c )^2 + ( c - a )^2 = 0
<=> a = b = c
1.
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+18=2ab+6a+6b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-6a+9\right)+\left(b^2-6b+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-3\right)^2+\left(b-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-3=0\\b-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=3\)
2.
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le9\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b,c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\le3\left(2\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế của\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\)ta được:
\(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\le3+3=6\left(đpcm\right)\)
a, \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac=3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
=> a=b=c
Đặt \(P=a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(a^2+b^2>=2ab\)
\(b^2+c^2>=2bc\)
\(a^2+c^2>=2ac\)
=> \(2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)>=2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)DẤU '=' xảy ra khi a=b=c