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Ta có:
\(\frac{1+a}{1+9b^2}=a+1-\frac{9b^2\left(a+1\right)}{1+9b^2}\ge a+1-\frac{9b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2\sqrt{9b^2}}=a+1-\frac{3b\left(a+1\right)}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1+b}{1+9c^2}\ge b+1-\frac{3c\left(1+b\right)}{2}\) ; \(\frac{1+c}{1+9a^2}\ge c+1-\frac{3a\left(c+1\right)}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(Q\ge4-\frac{3}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca+a+b+c\right)=\frac{5}{2}-\frac{3}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(Q\ge\frac{5}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{3\left(9a+16b+9b+16c+9c+16a\right)}=\sqrt{75\left(a+b+c\right)}=15\)
\(P_{max}=15\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Thầy có thể viết rõ hơn chút không ạ? Em thấy còn mơ màng lắm thầy ạ
Áp dụng bdt Cauchy-Schwars
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{9}{c}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c}=36\)
"=" <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{a}=\frac{2}{b}=\frac{3}{c}\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{1}{6}\\b=\frac{1}{3}\\c=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
ta có \(T=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{a^2}{2+a^2}+1-\frac{b^2}{2+b^2}+1-\frac{c^2}{2+c^2}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left[3-\left(\frac{a^2}{2+a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2+c^2}\right)\right]\)
ta chứng minh rằng \(\frac{a^2}{2+a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2+c^2}\ge1\)khi đó ta sẽ có \(T\le1\)
thật vậy, áp dụng Bất Đẳng Thức Cauchy-Schwarz ta có \(\frac{a^2}{2+a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2+c^2}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+6}\)
ta cần chứng minh rằng \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+6}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge3\)
thật vậy, từ giả thiết ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le a+b+c\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\le abc\left(a+b+c\right)\left(1\right)\)
mà \(abc\left(a+b+c\right)\le\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{3}\)
từ (1) ta có \(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3}\le\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{3}\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
vậy maxT=1 khi a=b=c=1
\(a+b+c=3\)\(\Rightarrow c=3-a-b\Rightarrow-c=a+b-3\)
Ta có:
\(P=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-c=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+a+b-3\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}}^2-2.\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}}.\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}^2+\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}^2}-2.\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}.\sqrt{b}^2+1\)
\(P=\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}}-\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{8a^2+56}=\sqrt{8\left(a^2+7\right)}=2\sqrt{2\left(a^2+ab+2bc+2ca\right)}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2\left(a+b\right)\left(a+2c\right)}\le2\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+2c\right)=3a+2b+2c\)
Tương tự \(\sqrt{8b^2+56}\le2a+3b+2c;\)\(\sqrt{4c^2+7}=\sqrt{\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+2c\right)}\le\frac{a+b+4c}{2}\)
Do vậy \(Q\ge\frac{11a+11b+12c}{3a+2b+2c+2a+3b+2c+\frac{a+b+4c}{2}}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(a,b,c\right)=\left(1;1;\frac{3}{2}\right)\)
a) \(P=1957\)
b) \(S=19.\)
+)\(\frac{3}{4}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{8}\ge abc\)
+) \(P=8abc+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=\left(32abc+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)-24abc\)
\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{32}{abc}}-24abc\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{32}{\frac{1}{8}}}-3=16-3=13\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{8a^2+56}=\sqrt{8\left(a^2+7\right)}=\sqrt{8\left(a^2+ab+2ab+2ac\right)}=2\cdot\sqrt{2\left(a+b\right)\left(a+2c\right)}\)
\(\le2\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+2c\right)=3a+2b+2c\)
Tương tự\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{8b^2+56}\le2a+3b+2c\\\sqrt{4c^2+7}=\sqrt{4c^2+ab+2ac+2bc}=\sqrt{\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+2c\right)}\le\frac{a+b+4c}{2}\end{cases}}\)
=> Q>2
Dấu "=" <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=1\\c=1,5\end{cases}}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(1=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{9}{c}=\frac{9}{9a}+\frac{36}{9b}+\frac{9}{c}\geq \frac{(3+6+3)^2}{9a+9b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq 144\)
Vậy $P_{\min}=144$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $\frac{3}{9a}=\frac{6}{9b}=\frac{3}{c}$ hay $a=4; b=8; c=36$