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Ta có : \(\frac{a}{a+bc}=\frac{a}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}=\frac{a}{a^2+ab+ac+bc}=\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\) (AM-GM)
Tương tự cộng vào sẽ ra
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+bc}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+abc}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
Tương tự \(\sqrt{\frac{b}{b+ca}}=\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}};\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+ab}}=\frac{c}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{a}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{b}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{b+a}\right)+\frac{c}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{c+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=3\)
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\le\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{bc}{2\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{ca}{2\sqrt{ca}}\) (bất đẳng thức cô-si)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ac}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\)(bất đẳng thức cô si)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi a=b=c
\(\frac{bc+a^2}{a+b}+\frac{ac+b^2}{b+c}+\frac{ab+c^2}{a+c}\ge\)a+b+c
<=>\(\frac{bc+a^2}{a+b}-a+\frac{ac+b^2}{b+c}-b+\frac{ab+c^2}{a+c}-c\ge0\)
<=>\(\frac{b\left(c-a\right)}{a+b}+\frac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b+c}+\frac{a\left(b-c\right)}{a+c}\ge0\)
<=>\(\frac{b\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)+\(\frac{c\left(a+c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)+\(\frac{a\left(a+b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge0\)
<=>\(\frac{b^2c^2-b^2a^2+bc^3-a^2bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)+\(\frac{a^3c-ab^2c+c^2a^2-b^2c^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)+\(\frac{a^2b^2-a^2c^2+ab^3-abc^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge0\)
<=>\(\frac{bc^3+a^3c+ab^3-a^2bc-ab^2c-abc^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge0\)
<=>\(\frac{2bc^3+2a^3c+2ab^3-2a^2bc-2ab^2c-2abc^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)>=0
<=>\(\frac{bc\left(c-a\right)^2+ac\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\left(b-c\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge0\)(đung voi moi a,b,c >0)
Dấu ''='' xay ra khi a=b=c
ta có a > 0 → b + c < 1
→ 4bc < (b + c)² < 1
→ bc < 1\4
tương tự với ab, ac là => dpcm
ta có a > 0 → b + c < 1
→ 4bc < (b + c)² < 1
→ bc < 1\4
tương tự với ab, ac là => dpcm