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Đề bài thiếu, chắc chắn phải có thêm 1 dữ kiện khác
Ví dụ, bạn cho \(a=b=c=1000\) sẽ thấy BĐT sai
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1+1\right)\left(4a+1+4b+1+4c+1\right)}\) \(=\sqrt{3.\left(4.3+3\right)}=\sqrt{3.15}=3\sqrt{5}\)
\(\text{Dấu ''='' xảy ra }\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(A\le\frac{1}{27}\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\right)^3\)
Mặt khác:
\(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{3\left[4\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right]}=3\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{27}\left(3\sqrt{5}\right)^3=5\sqrt{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(P=\sum\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(2a\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}}\le\sqrt{2}\sum\frac{a}{2a+b+c}=\sqrt{2}\sum a\left(\frac{1}{a+b+a+c}\right)\le\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\sum\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
1)
\(2a+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{16}{a+2}=\left(a+\frac{4}{a}\right)+\left[\left(a+2\right)+\frac{16}{a+2}\right]-2\ge4+8-2=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2
2)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4a\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4a+1-4a}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4\left(1-4a\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4b+1-4b}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{4c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{4c+1-4c}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a\left(1-4a\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(1-4b\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(1-4c\right)}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{a}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right);\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+1+1\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(VT^2\le\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{4a+3bc}+\dfrac{b}{4b+3ac}+\dfrac{c}{4c+3ab}\right)\)
Ta đi chứng minh \(\sum\dfrac{a}{4a+3bc}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\). Qui đồng và chuyển vế ta thu được:
\(abc\left[18\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+27abc-32\right]\ge0\) (*)
Xét \(18\sum a^2+27abc-32=9\left(\sum a^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+27abc-4\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
\(=5\sum a^3+3abc-3\sum ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\sum2\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+\left[a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc-\sum ab\left(a+b\right)\right]\ge0\)
Do \(\sum a^3+3abc\ge\sum ab\left(a+b\right)\) ( BĐT Schur Bậc 3)
Do đó (*) luôn đúng.Dấu = xảy ra tại 2 điểm là a=b=c=2/3 hoặc a=0,b=c=1 cùng các hoán vị tương ứng.
\(S=\sqrt{a^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}+\sqrt{c^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}}\)
\(\sqrt{a^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\sqrt{\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\left(1+4^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+\dfrac{4}{b}\right)\left(1\right)\)\(\left(bunhia\right)\)
\(tương-tự\Rightarrow\sqrt{b^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(b+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\sqrt{c^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(c+\dfrac{4}{a}\right)\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+\dfrac{4}{b}+b+\dfrac{4}{c}+c+\dfrac{4}{a}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[16a+\dfrac{4}{a}+16b+\dfrac{4}{b}+16c+\dfrac{4}{c}-15\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[2\sqrt{16a.\dfrac{4}{a}}+2\sqrt{16b.\dfrac{4}{b}}+2\sqrt{16c.\dfrac{4}{c}}-15.\dfrac{3}{2}\right]\left(am-gm\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(16+16+16-\dfrac{45}{2}\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow MinS=\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đặt:
\(A=\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(A^2=\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(4a+1+4b+1+4c+1\right)=21\)
Hay \(A\le\sqrt{21}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Rảnh quá ủng hộ cách khác nè =))
Áp dụng Cô-si có:
\(\sqrt{4a+1}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{7}{3}}\le\dfrac{4a+1+\dfrac{7}{3}}{2}=2a+\dfrac{5}{3}\)
Tương tự vs 2 bđt còn lại: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4b+1}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{7}{3}}\le2b+\dfrac{5}{3}\\\sqrt{4c+1}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{7}{3}}\le2c+\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng 2 vế của 3 bđt trên có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{7}{3}}\left(\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\right)\le2\left(a+b+c\right)+5=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4a+1}+\sqrt{4b+1}+\sqrt{4c+1}\le\sqrt{21}\)
Hoàn tất chứng minh