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Hỗn hợp muối có Al(NO3)3 , Mg(NO3)2 , NH4NO3
nHNO3=0,87 => nNH4NO3=0,087 mol .
Đặt nAl=x , nMg=y => hệ : 27x + 24y=6,48g
3x + 2y = 0,087 .8
=> x= 0,208 , y=0,036
=> m= 56,592g
Có; \(n_{NO}+n_{N_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{30n_{NO}+28n_{N_2}}{n_{NO}+n_{N_2}}=\dfrac{43}{3}.2=\dfrac{86}{3}\)
=> nNO = 0,1 (mol); nN2 = 0,2(mol)
Al0 -3e --> Al+3
a-->3a--->a
Mg0 -2e --> Mg+2
b---->2b---->b
Fe0 -3e --> Fe+3
c--->3c---->c
4H+ + NO3- +3e --> NO + 2H2O
0,4<----------0,3<----0,1
12H+ + 2NO3- +10e--> N2 + 6H2O
2,4<---------------2<-----0,2
10H+ + 2NO3- +8e--> NH4NO3 + 3H2O
0,5<-------------0,4<-----0,05
=> nHNO3 = nH+ = 0,4 + 2,4 + 0,5 = 3,3 (mol)
=> \(V_{dd}=\dfrac{3,3}{1}=3,3\left(l\right)\)
Bảo toàn H: \(n_{H\left(HNO_3\right)}=n_{H\left(NH_4NO_3\right)}+n_{H\left(H_2O\right)}\)
=> 3,3 = 4.0,05 + 2.nH2O
=> nH2O = 1,55(mol)
Theo ĐLBTKL:
\(m_{hh\left(bd\right)}+m_{HNO_3}=m_{muoi}+m_{NH_4NO_3}+m_{NO}+m_{N_2}+m_{H_2O}\)
=> hh muỗi khan = \(m_{muoi}+m_{NH_4NO_3}=11,9+3,3.63-30.0,1-28.0,2-18.1,55=183,3\left(g\right)\)
=> A
Đặt \(n_{NO}=a(mol);n_{N_2}=b(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow \begin{cases} a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ \dfrac{30a+28b}{a+b}=2.\dfrac{43}{3}=\dfrac{86}{3} \end{cases}\Rightarrow \begin{cases} a=0,1(mol)\\ b=0,2(mol) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{HNO_3}=4n_{NO}+12n_{N_2}+10n_{NH_4NO_3}=3,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HNO_3}}=\dfrac{3,3}{1}=3,3(l)\\ n_{NO_3-(muối)}=3n_{NO}+10n_{N_2}+8n_{NH_4NO_3}=2,7(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{muối}=m_{NO_3-(muối)}+m_{KL}+m_{NH_4NO_3}=2,7.62+11,9+0,05.80=183,3(g) \)
Chọn A
a) Gọi số mol Mg, Al, Fe trong m gam hỗn hợp là a, b, c (mol)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
_______a--------------------->a------->a_______(mol)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
_b-------------------->b------->1,5b___________(mol)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
_c------------------>c------->c_______________(mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+1,5b+c=0,35\left(1\right)\\95a+133,5b+127c=35,55\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác:
PTHH: \(Mg+Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgCl_2\)
_______a--------------->a_________(mol)
\(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2AlCl_3\)
_b----------------->b______________(mol)
\(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)
_c------------------>c______________(mol)
=> 95a + 133,5b + 162,5 = 39,1 (3)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> m = 24.0,1 + 27.01 + 56.0,1 = 10,7(g)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=24.0,1=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=27.0,1=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56.0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\) (2)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+2H_2O\) (3)
\(K_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+CO_2+H_2O\) (4)
Ta có: \(m_{HCl}=10.95.20\%=2,19\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2,19}{36,5}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(4\right)}=2n_{CO_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(4\right)}=n_{CO_2}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(3\right)}=0,06-0,02=0,04\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2O\left(3\right)}\)
⇒ nH2O = 0,01 + 0,04 = 0,05 (mol)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mhh + mHCl = m muối + mCO2 + mH2O
⇒ m = m muối = 2,24 + 2,19 - 0,01.44 - 0,05.18 = 3,09 (g)
Hỗn hợp muối có Al(NO3)3 , Mg(NO3)2 , NH4NO3
nHNO3=0,87 => nNH4NO3=0,087 mol .
Đặt nAl=x , nMg=y => hệ : 27x + 24y=6,48g
3x + 2y = 0,087 .8
=> x= 0,208 , y=0,036
=> m= 56,592g