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mH2SO4= \(\dfrac{300.7,35}{100}=22,05g\)
nH2SO4= \(\dfrac{22,05}{98}=0,225 mol\)
mHCl= \(\dfrac{200.7,3}{100}=14,6g\)
nHCl= \(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
H2SO4 + 2HCl → 2H2O + Cl2 ↑+ SO2 ↑
n trước pư 0,225 0,4
n pư 0,2 ← 0,4 → 0,4 → 0,2 → 0,2 mol
n sau pư dư 0,025 hết
a) mCl2= 0,2. 71= 14,2g
mSO2= 64. 0,2= 12,8g
mH2O= 18. 0,4=7,2g
mdd sau pư= 300 +200 -14,2 -12,8= 473g
C%dd H2O= \(\dfrac{7,2.100}{473}=1,52\)%
b) Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2 ↑
x → 2x → x → x
Fe + 2H2O → Fe(OH)2 + H2↑
y → 2y → y → y
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg,Fe.
Ta có hệ phương trình:
24x + 56y = 8,7 x= \(\dfrac{5}{64}\)
⇒
2x + 2y = 0,4 y= \(\dfrac{39}{320}\)
VH2= 22,4. \((\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{39}{320})\)= 4,48l
mhh MG(OH)2, Fe(OH)2= 8,7 +250 - 2.(\(\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{39}{320}\)) = 2258,3g
mMg=24. \(\dfrac{5}{64}\)=1.875g
mFe= 8,7-1,875= 6,825g
a)\(Ba+2H2O--->Ba\left(OH\right)2+H2\)
x----------------------------------------------x(mol)
\(2Na+2H2O-->2NaOH+H2\)
y-------------------------------------------0,5y(mol)
b) \(n_{H2}=\frac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Theo bài ra ta có hpt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}137x+23y=6,4\\x+0,5y=0,06\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo pthh1
n\(_{H2O}=2n_{Ba}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{H2O\left(1\right)}=0,08.18=1,44\left(g\right)\)
Theo pthh2
\(n_{H2O}=n_{Na}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2O}=0,04.18=0,72\left(g\right)\)
\(b=m_{H2O}=1,44+0,72=2,16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=n_{Ba}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=0,04.171=6,84\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddBa\left(OH\right)2}=\frac{6,84.100}{3,42}=200\left(g\right)\)
do ở trong dd Y nên m dd Ba(OH)2 = m dd NaOH
n\(_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{NaOH}=0,04.40=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\frac{1,6}{200}.100\%=0,8\%\)
a, Chất rắn là MgO
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,8<-------------0,8<-------0,4
\(m=0,8.23+8=26,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{dd}=0,8.23+200-0,4.2=217,6\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,8.40}{217,6}.100\%=14,7\%\)
Tk:
a)2Al+ 6HCl→ 2AlCl3 +3H2↑
0,1________________0,15
Mg+ 2HCl→ MgCl2+ H2↑
0,2_______________0,2
MgO+ 2HCl→MgCl2+H2O
2Al+ 2NaOH+2H2O→ 2NaAlO2+ 3H2↑
0,1____________________________0,15
nHCl pư= 0,5.2.100110 =0,91 mol
nMgO=0,91−0,1.3−0,2.22= 0,105 mol
⇒ a= 0,1.27+0,2.24+ 0,105.40=11,7 g
b)
Dd B gồm:_______HCl dư ______AlCl3______MgCl2
_________________0,09________ 0,1_________0,305
NaOH+ HCl→ NaCl+ H2O
0,09 ___0,09
2NaOH+ MgCl2→ Mg(OH)2↓+ 2NaCl
0,61 ___0,305
3NaOH+ AlCl3→ 3NaCl+ Al(OH)3↓
0,3______ 0,1
VNaOH=0,09+0,61+0,32=0,5l
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Na+2H_2O--->2NaOH+H_2\uparrow\)
a. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(lít\right)\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{NaOH}}=9,2+200-0,2.2=208,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{\%_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{16}{208,8}.100\%=7,66\%\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ddNaOH}=4,6+95,6-0,1.2=100\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{100}.100=8\%\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=200.3,65\%=7,3\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Na+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2\uparrow\\ LTL:0,3>0,2\Rightarrow Na.dư\)
Theo pt: nH2 = 2nHCl = 2.0,2 = 0,4 (mol)
VH2 = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96 (l)
Theo pt: nNaCl = nNa (phản ứng) = nHCl = 0,2 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Na\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).23=2,3\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{dd}=200+6,9-2,3-0,8=203,8\left(g\right)\)
=> C%NaCl = \(\dfrac{11,7}{203,8}=5,74\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1 0,05
b) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,05.2}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a, \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,3.23=6,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=13,1-6,9=6,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 13,1 + 200 - 0,15.2 = 212,8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,5.40}{212,8}.100\%\approx9,4\%\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4.6}{23}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(0.2......................0.2.......0.1\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
Dung dịch X : NaOH
\(m_{dd_X}=4.6+200-0.1\cdot2=204.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot40}{204.4}\cdot100\%=3.9\%\%\)
a) $2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
n Na = 4,6/23 = 0,2(mol)
n H2 = 1/2 n Na = 0,1(mol)
V H2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)
c) Dung dịch X là dd NaOH
n NaOH = n Na = 0,2(mol)
C% NaOH = 0,2.40/200 .100% = 4%