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\(n_{NaOH}=0,03.0,1=0,003\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HNO_3}=0,01.0,01=0,0001\left(mol\right)\\ NaOH+HNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,0001}{1}< \dfrac{0,003}{1}\\ \Rightarrow NaOHdư\\ n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,003-0,0001=0,0029\left(mol\right)\\ \left[OH^-\left(dư\right)\right]=\left[NaOH_{dư}\right]=\dfrac{0,0029}{0,01+0,1}=\dfrac{29}{1100}\left(M\right)\\ \Rightarrow pH=14+log\left[\dfrac{29}{1100}\right]\approx12,421\)
Ta có:
pH=2
=>[H+]=o,01
=>nH+=10-4mol
Để trung hòa đủ dd axit cần:
nOH=10-4mol
<=>0,1V=10-4
=>V=0,001 lít=1ml.
Ta có: \(pH=-log\left[H^+\right]=3\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=10^{-3}\left(M\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=n_{H^+}=10^{-3}.0,01=10^{-5}\left(mol\right)\)
\(pH=4=-log\left[H^+\right]\) ⇒ [H+] sau pha = 10-4 (M) = [HCl] sau pha
⇒ VHCl sau pha = \(\dfrac{10^{-5}}{10^{-4}}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)
→ Cần thêm 90 ml nước vào dd chứa 10 ml HCl pH = 3 để được dd có pH = 4
Đặt \(n_{HCl}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=2a\left(mol\right)\\n_{HNO_3}=2a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{a}{0,05}\left(l\right)\\V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2a}{0,02}=\dfrac{a}{0,01}\left(l\right)\\V_{ddHNO_3}=\dfrac{2a}{0,06}=\dfrac{a}{0,03}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=7a\left(mol\right);V_{dd}=\dfrac{a}{0,05}+\dfrac{a}{0,01}+\dfrac{a}{0,03}=\dfrac{460a}{3}\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(\dfrac{7a}{\dfrac{460a}{3}}\right)=1,34\)
\(n_{H^+}=0,3.0,09+0,06.2.0,001V=0,02712\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow pH=-log\left[H^+\right]=1,0969\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[H^+\right]\approx0,08\left(M\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddsau}\approx\dfrac{0,02712}{0,08}\approx0,339\left(l\right)\approx339\left(ml\right)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{ddH_2SO_4}\approx339-300\approx39\left(ml\right)\)
Cảm ơn ạ 🤧🤧🤧