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\(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}+3\overrightarrow{c}=\overrightarrow{0}\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}+\overrightarrow{c}=-2\overrightarrow{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}+\overrightarrow{c}\right)^2=\left(-2\overrightarrow{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{a}^2+\overrightarrow{b}^2+\overrightarrow{c}^2+2\left(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}+\overrightarrow{b}.\overrightarrow{c}+\overrightarrow{c}.\overrightarrow{a}\right)=4\overrightarrow{c}^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{4x^2-\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{3x^2-y^2-z^2}{2}\)
Tính \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) hả bạn?
\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|cos\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=2.\sqrt{3}.cos30^0=3\)
Tính \(\left|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right|\)
\(\overrightarrow{x}\) ⊥ \(\overrightarrow{y}\)
⇒ \(\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{2a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)=0\). Đặt \(\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|=a;\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|=b\)
⇒ 2a2 - \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) + 2\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) - b2 = 0
⇒ \(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) = b2 - 2a2 = 4 - 4 = 0
⇒ \(\left(\overrightarrow{a};\overrightarrow{b}\right)=90^0\)
\(\overrightarrow{a}\perp\overrightarrow{b}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=0\)
\(\left(2\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)=2a^2+2\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}-\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}-b^2\)
\(=2a^2-b^2+\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\)
\(=2.1-2+0=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)\perp\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right|=4\)
⇒ \(\left(\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)^2=16\)
⇒ 16 + 9 - 2\(\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}\) = 16
⇒ \(2\overrightarrow{a}.\overrightarrow{b}=9\)
⇒ cosα = \(\dfrac{9}{2.4.3}\)
⇒ cos α = \(\dfrac{3}{8}\)
Vậy chọn D
\(\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)^2=\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)\(=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|^2+\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|^2+2\overrightarrow{a}\overrightarrow{b}\).
\(\left(\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)^2=\left(\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)\)\(=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|^2+\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|^2-2\overrightarrow{a}\overrightarrow{b}\).
\(\left(\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right)=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|^2+\overrightarrow{a}\overrightarrow{b}-\overrightarrow{a}\overrightarrow{b}+\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|^2\)\(=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|^2-\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|^2\).
b) \(\left|\overrightarrow{a}+\overrightarrow{b}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{a}\right|+\left|\overrightarrow{b}\right|\) khi vectơ a và vectơ b cùng hướng