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\(a,n_{hhkhí\left(C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{80}{160}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\a+2b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=33,33\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-33,335=66,67\%\)
\(b,PTHH:\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,1\rightarrow0,3\rightarrow0,2\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\rightarrow0,25\rightarrow0,4\\ n_{CO_2}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ Mol:0,6\rightarrow0,6\rightarrow0,6\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,6.100=60\left(g\right)\)
a) mtăng = mC2H4
=> \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2.22,4}{13,44}.100\%=33,33\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{13,44.66,67\%}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,4--------------->0,4
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,2----------------->0,4
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,8----->0,8
=> mCaCO3 = 0,8.100 = 80 (g)
a.\(m_{tăng}=m_{C_2H_4}=5,6g\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2mol\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,6}.100=33,33\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b.\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 ( mol )
\(n_{CO_2}=0,4+0,4=0,8mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,8 0,8 ( mol )
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,8.100=80g\)
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol C2H4, C2H2 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}-0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
a--->a
C2H2 + 2Br2 --> C2H2Br4
b---->2b
=> a + 2b = 0,3 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1.16}{0,1.16+0,1.28+0,1.26}.100\%=22,857\%\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1.28}{0,1.16+0,1.28+0,1.26}.100\%=40\%\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,1.26}{0,1.16+0,1.28+0,1.26}.100\%=37,143\%\)
PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_4}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}-0,075=0,15\) (1)
PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
Theo PTHH: \(28a+26b=4,1\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{C_2H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{C_2H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx44,44\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=22,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
nCO2=0.09(mol)
PTHH:Na2CO3+H2SO4->Na2SO4+CO2+H2O
2NaHCO3+H2SO4->Na2SO4+2CO2+2H2O
Gọi nNa2CO3 là x(mol)->nCO2(1)là x(mol)
nNaHCO3 là y(mol)->nCO2(2) là y(mol)
theo bài ra ta có:x+y=0.09
106x+84y=9.1
x=0.07(mol).mNa2Co3=7.42(g) %Na2CO3=81.5%
y=0.02(mol) mNaHCO3=1.68(g)%NaHCO3=18.5%
nH2SO4(1)=nNa2CO3=0.07(mol)
nH2SO4(2)=1/2 nNaHCO3->nH2SO4(2)=0.01(mol)
tổng nH2SO4=0.08(mol)
mH2SO4=7.68(g)
mDd axit=15.36(g)
nhh khí = 7,84/22,4 = 0,35 (mol)
Gọi nCH4 = a (mol); nC2H6 = b (mol)
a + b = 0,35 (1)
nCaCO3 = 50/100 = 0,5 (mol)
PTHH:
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
0,5 <--- 0,5 <--- 0,5
CH4 + 2O2 -> (t°) CO2 + 2H2O
a ---> 2a ---> a
2C2H6 + 7O2 -> (t°) 4CO2 + 6H2O
b ---> 3,5b ---> 2b
=> a + 2b = 0,5 (2)
Từ (1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,15 (mol)
mCH4 = 0,2 . 16 = 3,2 (g)
mC2H6 = 0,15 . 30 = 4,5 (g)
%mCH4 = 3,2/(3,2 + 4,5) = 41,55%
%mC2H6 = 100% - 41,55% = 58,45%
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x+y=0,5\left(1\right)\)
\(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2y=0,7\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot22,4}{11,2}\cdot100\%=60\%\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_2}=100\%-60\%=40\%\)
Chỉ có Mg td vs HCl→H2 suy ra mol Mg =0,25mol và chất rắn ko tan là Cu
Cu +2H2SO4→CuSO4+SO2+2H2O ↔molcu=0,1mol,
Σkl=mcu+mmg=12,4g
n\(H_2\) = \(\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}\)=0,25 (mol)
ta có PTHH:
1) Mg + 2HCl → Mg\(Cl_2\)+ \(H_2\)
0,25 ←------------------------0,25 (mol)
⇒ mMg = n.M= 0,25. 24 = 6 (gam)
2) Cu + HCl → ko pứ (Cu hoạt động yếu hơn (H) )
⇒ Cu là chất rắn ko tan
Ta có PTHH:
3) Cu +2 \(H_2\)\(SO_4\)→ Cu\(SO_4\)+2 \(H_2\)O + S\(O_2\)↑
0,1 ←--------------------------------------- 0,1 (mol)
nS\(O_2\)= \(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}\)= 0,1 (mol)
\(m_{Cu}\)= \(n_{Cu}\).\(M_{Cu}\)= 0,1.64= 6.4 (gam)
⇒\(m_A\)=\(m_{Mg}\)+\(m_{Cu}\)= 6+6,4 = 12,4 (gam)
Vậy hỗn hợp A có khối lượng 12,4 gam
\(a,Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ n_{hhkhí}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:a\rightarrow2a\rightarrow a\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:b\rightarrow3b\rightarrow2b\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:c\rightarrow2,5c\rightarrow2c\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0,4\\b+2c=0,4\\a+2b+2c=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=25\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=50\%\)
\(m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_4}=28.0,2=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_2}=0,1.26=2,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=16,32\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=57,14\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_2}=100\%-16,32\%-57,14\%=26,54\%\)
\(b,PTHH:C_2H_5OH\rightarrow C_2H_4+H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\leftarrow0,2\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,2.46=9,2\left(g\right)\)
Dài quá!!!